A Bayesian approach to prospective binary outcome studies with misclassification in a binary risk factor

Gordon James Prescott* (Corresponding Author), P. H. Garthwaite

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

12 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Misclassification in a binary exposure variable within an unmatched prospective study may lead to a biased estimate of the disease-expo sure relationship. It usually gives falsely small credible intervals because uncertainty in the recorded exposure is not taken into account. When there are several other perfectly measured covariates, interrelationships may introduce further potential for bias. Bayesian methods are proposed for analysing binary outcome studies in which an exposure variable is sometimes misclassified, but its correct values have been validated for a random subsample of the subjects. This Bayesian approach can model relationships between explanatory variables and between exploratory variables and the probabilities of misclassification. Three logistic regressions are used to relate disease to true exposure, misclassified exposure to true exposure and true exposure to other covariates. Credible intervals may be used to make decisions about whether certain parameters are unnecessary and hence whether the model can be reduced in complexity.

In the disease-exposure model, for parameters representing coefficients related to perfectly measured covariates, the precision of posterior estimates is only slightly lower than would be found from data with no misclassification. For the risk factor which has misclassification, the estimates of model coefficients obtained are much less biased than those with misclassification ignored. Copyright (C) 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)3463-3477
Number of pages14
JournalStatistics in Medicine
Volume24
Issue number22
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 30 Nov 2005

Keywords

  • errors in variables
  • binary outcome
  • measurement error
  • misclassification
  • odds ratio
  • MEASUREMENT ERROR PROBLEMS
  • REGRESSION-MODELS
  • LOGISTIC-REGRESSION
  • IN-VARIABLES
  • ODDS RATIOS
  • EXPOSURE
  • VALIDATION
  • EPIDEMIOLOGY
  • INACCURACIES
  • INFORMATION

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