A causal modelling approach to the development of theory-based behavior change programmes for trial evaluation

Wendy Hardeman (Corresponding Author), Stephen Sutton, Simon Griffin, Marie Johnston, Anthony White, Nicholas J Wareham, Anne Louise Kinmonth

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

179 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Theory-based intervention programmes to support health-related behaviour change aim to increase health impact and improve understanding of mechanisms of behaviour change. However, the science of intervention development remains at an early stage. We present a causal modelling approach to developing complex interventions for evaluation in randomized trials. In this approach a generic model links behavioural determinants, causally through behaviour, to physiological and biochemical variables, and health outcomes. It is tailored to context, target population, behaviours and health outcomes. The development of a specific causal model based on theory and evidence is illustrated by the ProActive programme, supporting increased physical activity among individuals at risk of Type 2 diabetes. The model provides a rational guide to appropriate measures, intervention points and intervention techniques, and can be tested quantitatively. Causal modelling is critically compared to other approaches to intervention development and evaluation, and research directions are indicated.
Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)676-687
Number of pages11
JournalHealth Education Research
Volume20
Issue number6
Early online date21 Mar 2005
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Dec 2005

Keywords

  • TYPE-2 DIABETES-MELLITUS
  • HABITUAL ENERGY-EXPENDITURE
  • RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL
  • IMPAIRED GLUCOSE-TOLERANCE
  • PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY
  • PLANNED BEHAVIOR
  • CARDIORESPIRATORY FITNESS
  • EPIC-NORFOLK
  • LIFE-STYLE
  • HEALTH

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