A new method for quality control of geological cores by X-Ray computed tomography: Application in IODP expedition 370

Expedition 370 Scientists

doi:10.3389/feart.2019.00117

A new method for quality control of geological cores by X-Ray computed tomography: Application in IODP expedition 370

Expedition 370 Scientists

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Abstract

X-ray computed tomography (XCT) can be used to identify lithologies and deformation structures within geological core, with the potential for the identification processes to be applied automatically. However, because of drilling disturbance and other artifacts, the use of large XCT-datasets in automated processes requires methods of quality control that can be applied systematically. We propose a new systematic method for quality control of XCT data that applies numerical measures to CT slices, and from this obtains data reflective of core quality. Because the measures are numerical they can be applied quickly and consistently between different sections and cores. This quality control processing protocol produces downhole radiodensity profiles from mean CT-values that can be used for geological interpretation. The application of this quality control protocols was applied to XCT data from International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expedition 370 Site C0023 located at the toe of the Nankai accretionary complex. The evaluation of core quality based on this protocol was found to be a good fit to standard-evaluations based on the visual description of core, and could be used to select samples free from drilling disturbance or contamination. The quality-controlled downhole mean CT-value profile has features that can be used to identify lithologies within a formation, the presence and type of deformation structures and to distinguish formations.

Original language	English
Article number	117
Number of pages	13
Journal	Frontiers in Earth Science
Volume	7
Early online date	31 May 2019
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2019.00117
Publication status	Published - 31 May 2019

Bibliographical note

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
This research used data provided by the International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP). We are grateful to the IODP and thank crew, drilling team, geologists and lab technicians on Chikyu and the staff of the Kochi Institute for Core Sample Research for supporting IODP 370-operations. We would like to thank Lucia Mancini for handling the editorial process and the three reviewers for submitting their helpful comments and improving the manuscript.

Keywords

Accretionary complex
International Ocean Discovery Program
Nankai Trough
Scientific drilling
X-ray computed tomography
ROCKS
ACCRETIONARY PRISM
accretionary complex
QUANTITATIVE-ANALYSIS
DEFORMATION
FLOW
IMAGE
SEDIMENT
scientific drilling
NANKAI TROUGH

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10.3389/feart.2019.00117Licence: CC BY

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Copyright © 2019 Tonai, Kubo, Tsang, Bowden, Ide, Hirose, Kamiya, Yamamoto, Yang, Yamada, Morono, Heuer, Inagaki and Expedition 370 Scientists. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Final published version, 6.42 MBLicence: CC BY

Cite this

@article{3fdfc2b7f7a04c6d98e1154386ecc4ec,

title = "A new method for quality control of geological cores by X-Ray computed tomography: Application in IODP expedition 370",

abstract = "X-ray computed tomography (XCT) can be used to identify lithologies and deformation structures within geological core, with the potential for the identification processes to be applied automatically. However, because of drilling disturbance and other artifacts, the use of large XCT-datasets in automated processes requires methods of quality control that can be applied systematically. We propose a new systematic method for quality control of XCT data that applies numerical measures to CT slices, and from this obtains data reflective of core quality. Because the measures are numerical they can be applied quickly and consistently between different sections and cores. This quality control processing protocol produces downhole radiodensity profiles from mean CT-values that can be used for geological interpretation. The application of this quality control protocols was applied to XCT data from International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expedition 370 Site C0023 located at the toe of the Nankai accretionary complex. The evaluation of core quality based on this protocol was found to be a good fit to standard-evaluations based on the visual description of core, and could be used to select samples free from drilling disturbance or contamination. The quality-controlled downhole mean CT-value profile has features that can be used to identify lithologies within a formation, the presence and type of deformation structures and to distinguish formations.",

keywords = "Accretionary complex, International Ocean Discovery Program, Nankai Trough, Scientific drilling, X-ray computed tomography, ROCKS, ACCRETIONARY PRISM, accretionary complex, QUANTITATIVE-ANALYSIS, DEFORMATION, FLOW, IMAGE, SEDIMENT, scientific drilling, NANKAI TROUGH",

author = "Satoshi Tonai and Yusuke Kubo and Tsang, {Man Yin} and Stephen Bowden and Kotaro Ide and Takehiro Hirose and Nana Kamiya and Yuzuru Yamamoto and Kiho Yang and Yasuhiro Yamada and Yuki Morono and Heuer, {Verena B.} and Fumio Inagaki and {Expedition 370 Scientists}",

note = "ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This research used data provided by the International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP). We are grateful to the IODP and thank crew, drilling team, geologists and lab technicians on Chikyu and the staff of the Kochi Institute for Core Sample Research for supporting IODP 370-operations. We would like to thank Lucia Mancini for handling the editorial process and the three reviewers for submitting their helpful comments and improving the manuscript.",

year = "2019",

month = may,

day = "31",

doi = "10.3389/feart.2019.00117",

language = "English",

volume = "7",

journal = "Frontiers in Earth Science",

issn = "2296-6463",

publisher = "Frontiers S.A.",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - A new method for quality control of geological cores by X-Ray computed tomography

T2 - Application in IODP expedition 370

AU - Tonai, Satoshi

AU - Kubo, Yusuke

AU - Tsang, Man Yin

AU - Bowden, Stephen

AU - Ide, Kotaro

AU - Hirose, Takehiro

AU - Kamiya, Nana

AU - Yamamoto, Yuzuru

AU - Yang, Kiho

AU - Yamada, Yasuhiro

AU - Morono, Yuki

AU - Heuer, Verena B.

AU - Inagaki, Fumio

AU - Expedition 370 Scientists

N1 - ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This research used data provided by the International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP). We are grateful to the IODP and thank crew, drilling team, geologists and lab technicians on Chikyu and the staff of the Kochi Institute for Core Sample Research for supporting IODP 370-operations. We would like to thank Lucia Mancini for handling the editorial process and the three reviewers for submitting their helpful comments and improving the manuscript.

PY - 2019/5/31

Y1 - 2019/5/31

N2 - X-ray computed tomography (XCT) can be used to identify lithologies and deformation structures within geological core, with the potential for the identification processes to be applied automatically. However, because of drilling disturbance and other artifacts, the use of large XCT-datasets in automated processes requires methods of quality control that can be applied systematically. We propose a new systematic method for quality control of XCT data that applies numerical measures to CT slices, and from this obtains data reflective of core quality. Because the measures are numerical they can be applied quickly and consistently between different sections and cores. This quality control processing protocol produces downhole radiodensity profiles from mean CT-values that can be used for geological interpretation. The application of this quality control protocols was applied to XCT data from International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expedition 370 Site C0023 located at the toe of the Nankai accretionary complex. The evaluation of core quality based on this protocol was found to be a good fit to standard-evaluations based on the visual description of core, and could be used to select samples free from drilling disturbance or contamination. The quality-controlled downhole mean CT-value profile has features that can be used to identify lithologies within a formation, the presence and type of deformation structures and to distinguish formations.

AB - X-ray computed tomography (XCT) can be used to identify lithologies and deformation structures within geological core, with the potential for the identification processes to be applied automatically. However, because of drilling disturbance and other artifacts, the use of large XCT-datasets in automated processes requires methods of quality control that can be applied systematically. We propose a new systematic method for quality control of XCT data that applies numerical measures to CT slices, and from this obtains data reflective of core quality. Because the measures are numerical they can be applied quickly and consistently between different sections and cores. This quality control processing protocol produces downhole radiodensity profiles from mean CT-values that can be used for geological interpretation. The application of this quality control protocols was applied to XCT data from International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expedition 370 Site C0023 located at the toe of the Nankai accretionary complex. The evaluation of core quality based on this protocol was found to be a good fit to standard-evaluations based on the visual description of core, and could be used to select samples free from drilling disturbance or contamination. The quality-controlled downhole mean CT-value profile has features that can be used to identify lithologies within a formation, the presence and type of deformation structures and to distinguish formations.

KW - Accretionary complex

KW - International Ocean Discovery Program

KW - Nankai Trough

KW - Scientific drilling

KW - X-ray computed tomography

KW - ROCKS

KW - ACCRETIONARY PRISM

KW - accretionary complex

KW - QUANTITATIVE-ANALYSIS

KW - DEFORMATION

KW - FLOW

KW - IMAGE

KW - SEDIMENT

KW - scientific drilling

KW - NANKAI TROUGH

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UR - http://www.mendeley.com/research/new-method-quality-control-geological-cores-xray-computed-tomography-application-iodp-expedition-370

U2 - 10.3389/feart.2019.00117

DO - 10.3389/feart.2019.00117

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85068446894

SN - 2296-6463

VL - 7

JO - Frontiers in Earth Science

JF - Frontiers in Earth Science

M1 - 117

ER -

A new method for quality control of geological cores by X-Ray computed tomography: Application in IODP expedition 370

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

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