Blood pressure self-monitoring in pregnancy: Examining feasibility in a prospective cohort study

Katherine L. Tucker; Kathryn S. Taylor; Carole Crawford; James A. Hodgkinson; Clare Bankhead; Tricia Carver; Elizabeth Ewers; Margaret Glogowska; Sheila M. Greenfield; Lucy Ingram; Lisa Hinton; Khalid S. Khan; Louise Locock; Lucy Mackillop; Christine McCourt; Alexander M. Pirie; Richard Stevens; Richard J. McManus

doi:10.1186/s12884-017-1605-0

Blood pressure self-monitoring in pregnancy: Examining feasibility in a prospective cohort study

Katherine L. Tucker, Kathryn S. Taylor, Carole Crawford, James A. Hodgkinson, Clare Bankhead, Tricia Carver, Elizabeth Ewers, Margaret Glogowska, Sheila M. Greenfield, Lucy Ingram, Lisa Hinton, Khalid S. Khan, Louise Locock, Lucy Mackillop, Christine McCourt, Alexander M. Pirie, Richard Stevens, Richard J. McManus^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Health Services Research Unit (HSRU)

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

54 Citations (Scopus)

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Abstract

Background: Raised blood pressure (BP) affects approximately 10% of pregnancies worldwide, and a high proportion of affected women develop pre-eclampsia. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of self-monitoring of BP in pregnancy in women at higher risk of pre-eclampsia. Methods: This prospective cohort study of self-monitoring BP in pregnancy was carried out in two hospital trusts in Birmingham and Oxford and thirteen primary care practices in Oxfordshire. Eligible women were those defined by the UK National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidelines as at higher risk of pre-eclampsia. A total of 201 participants were recruited between 12 and 16 weeks of pregnancy and were asked to take two BP readings twice daily three times a week through their pregnancy. Primary outcomes were recruitment, retention and persistence of self-monitoring. Study recruitment and retention were analysed with descriptive statistics. Survival analysis was used to evaluate the persistence of self-monitoring and the performance of self-monitoring in the early detection of gestational hypertension, compared to clinic BP monitoring. Secondary outcomes were the mean clinic and self-monitored BP readings and the performance of self-monitoring in the detection of gestational hypertension and pre-eclampsia compared to clinic BP. Results: Of 201 women recruited, 161 (80%) remained in the study at 36 weeks or to the end of their pregnancy, 162 (81%) provided any home readings suitable for analysis, 148 (74%) continued to self-monitor at 20 weeks and 107 (66%) at 36 weeks. Self-monitored readings were similar in value to contemporaneous matched clinic readings for both systolic and diastolic BP. Of the 23 who developed gestational hypertension or pre-eclampsia and self-monitored, 9 (39%) had a raised home BP prior to a raised clinic BP. Conclusions: Self-monitoring of BP in pregnancy is feasible and has potential to be useful in the early detection of gestational hypertensive disorders but maintaining self-monitoring throughout pregnancy requires support and probably enhanced training.

Original language	English
Article number	442
Journal	BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
Volume	17
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-017-1605-0
Publication status	Published - 28 Dec 2017

Bibliographical note

Funding
This article represents independent research commissioned by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) School of Primary Care Research (SPCR) (SPCR project No. 171). The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the NHS, the NIHR or the Department of Health. RM receives support from NIHR Professorship (NIHR-RP-02-12-015) and the NIHR Oxford Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care. SG is part funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care West Midlands. During the period of the research LL was employed at the Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences and supported by the NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre.

Availability of data and materials
The datasets generated and analysed during the current study are available via information.guardian@phc.ox.ac.uk on reasonable request.

Keywords

Hypertension
Pre-eclampsia
Pregnancy
Self-monitoring

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Blood pressure self-monitoring in pregnancy examining feasibility in a prospective cohort study
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Tucker, K. L., Taylor, K. S., Crawford, C., Hodgkinson, J. A., Bankhead, C., Carver, T., Ewers, E., Glogowska, M., Greenfield, S. M., Ingram, L., Hinton, L., Khan, K. S., Locock, L., Mackillop, L., McCourt, C., Pirie, A. M., Stevens, R., & McManus, R. J. (2017). Blood pressure self-monitoring in pregnancy: Examining feasibility in a prospective cohort study. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 17(1), Article 442. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-017-1605-0

Tucker, KL, Taylor, KS, Crawford, C, Hodgkinson, JA, Bankhead, C, Carver, T, Ewers, E, Glogowska, M, Greenfield, SM, Ingram, L, Hinton, L, Khan, KS, Locock, L, Mackillop, L, McCourt, C, Pirie, AM, Stevens, R & McManus, RJ 2017, 'Blood pressure self-monitoring in pregnancy: Examining feasibility in a prospective cohort study', BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, vol. 17, no. 1, 442. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-017-1605-0

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abstract = "Background: Raised blood pressure (BP) affects approximately 10% of pregnancies worldwide, and a high proportion of affected women develop pre-eclampsia. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of self-monitoring of BP in pregnancy in women at higher risk of pre-eclampsia. Methods: This prospective cohort study of self-monitoring BP in pregnancy was carried out in two hospital trusts in Birmingham and Oxford and thirteen primary care practices in Oxfordshire. Eligible women were those defined by the UK National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidelines as at higher risk of pre-eclampsia. A total of 201 participants were recruited between 12 and 16 weeks of pregnancy and were asked to take two BP readings twice daily three times a week through their pregnancy. Primary outcomes were recruitment, retention and persistence of self-monitoring. Study recruitment and retention were analysed with descriptive statistics. Survival analysis was used to evaluate the persistence of self-monitoring and the performance of self-monitoring in the early detection of gestational hypertension, compared to clinic BP monitoring. Secondary outcomes were the mean clinic and self-monitored BP readings and the performance of self-monitoring in the detection of gestational hypertension and pre-eclampsia compared to clinic BP. Results: Of 201 women recruited, 161 (80%) remained in the study at 36 weeks or to the end of their pregnancy, 162 (81%) provided any home readings suitable for analysis, 148 (74%) continued to self-monitor at 20 weeks and 107 (66%) at 36 weeks. Self-monitored readings were similar in value to contemporaneous matched clinic readings for both systolic and diastolic BP. Of the 23 who developed gestational hypertension or pre-eclampsia and self-monitored, 9 (39%) had a raised home BP prior to a raised clinic BP. Conclusions: Self-monitoring of BP in pregnancy is feasible and has potential to be useful in the early detection of gestational hypertensive disorders but maintaining self-monitoring throughout pregnancy requires support and probably enhanced training.",

keywords = "Hypertension, Pre-eclampsia, Pregnancy, Self-monitoring",

author = "Tucker, {Katherine L.} and Taylor, {Kathryn S.} and Carole Crawford and Hodgkinson, {James A.} and Clare Bankhead and Tricia Carver and Elizabeth Ewers and Margaret Glogowska and Greenfield, {Sheila M.} and Lucy Ingram and Lisa Hinton and Khan, {Khalid S.} and Louise Locock and Lucy Mackillop and Christine McCourt and Pirie, {Alexander M.} and Richard Stevens and McManus, {Richard J.}",

note = "Funding This article represents independent research commissioned by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) School of Primary Care Research (SPCR) (SPCR project No. 171). The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the NHS, the NIHR or the Department of Health. RM receives support from NIHR Professorship (NIHR-RP-02-12-015) and the NIHR Oxford Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care. SG is part funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care West Midlands. During the period of the research LL was employed at the Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences and supported by the NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre. Availability of data and materials The datasets generated and analysed during the current study are available via information.guardian@phc.ox.ac.uk on reasonable request. ",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Blood pressure self-monitoring in pregnancy

T2 - Examining feasibility in a prospective cohort study

AU - Tucker, Katherine L.

AU - Taylor, Kathryn S.

AU - Crawford, Carole

AU - Hodgkinson, James A.

AU - Bankhead, Clare

AU - Carver, Tricia

AU - Ewers, Elizabeth

AU - Glogowska, Margaret

AU - Greenfield, Sheila M.

AU - Ingram, Lucy

AU - Hinton, Lisa

AU - Khan, Khalid S.

AU - Locock, Louise

AU - Mackillop, Lucy

AU - McCourt, Christine

AU - Pirie, Alexander M.

AU - Stevens, Richard

AU - McManus, Richard J.

N1 - Funding This article represents independent research commissioned by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) School of Primary Care Research (SPCR) (SPCR project No. 171). The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the NHS, the NIHR or the Department of Health. RM receives support from NIHR Professorship (NIHR-RP-02-12-015) and the NIHR Oxford Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care. SG is part funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care West Midlands. During the period of the research LL was employed at the Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences and supported by the NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre. Availability of data and materials The datasets generated and analysed during the current study are available via information.guardian@phc.ox.ac.uk on reasonable request.

PY - 2017/12/28

Y1 - 2017/12/28

N2 - Background: Raised blood pressure (BP) affects approximately 10% of pregnancies worldwide, and a high proportion of affected women develop pre-eclampsia. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of self-monitoring of BP in pregnancy in women at higher risk of pre-eclampsia. Methods: This prospective cohort study of self-monitoring BP in pregnancy was carried out in two hospital trusts in Birmingham and Oxford and thirteen primary care practices in Oxfordshire. Eligible women were those defined by the UK National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidelines as at higher risk of pre-eclampsia. A total of 201 participants were recruited between 12 and 16 weeks of pregnancy and were asked to take two BP readings twice daily three times a week through their pregnancy. Primary outcomes were recruitment, retention and persistence of self-monitoring. Study recruitment and retention were analysed with descriptive statistics. Survival analysis was used to evaluate the persistence of self-monitoring and the performance of self-monitoring in the early detection of gestational hypertension, compared to clinic BP monitoring. Secondary outcomes were the mean clinic and self-monitored BP readings and the performance of self-monitoring in the detection of gestational hypertension and pre-eclampsia compared to clinic BP. Results: Of 201 women recruited, 161 (80%) remained in the study at 36 weeks or to the end of their pregnancy, 162 (81%) provided any home readings suitable for analysis, 148 (74%) continued to self-monitor at 20 weeks and 107 (66%) at 36 weeks. Self-monitored readings were similar in value to contemporaneous matched clinic readings for both systolic and diastolic BP. Of the 23 who developed gestational hypertension or pre-eclampsia and self-monitored, 9 (39%) had a raised home BP prior to a raised clinic BP. Conclusions: Self-monitoring of BP in pregnancy is feasible and has potential to be useful in the early detection of gestational hypertensive disorders but maintaining self-monitoring throughout pregnancy requires support and probably enhanced training.

AB - Background: Raised blood pressure (BP) affects approximately 10% of pregnancies worldwide, and a high proportion of affected women develop pre-eclampsia. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of self-monitoring of BP in pregnancy in women at higher risk of pre-eclampsia. Methods: This prospective cohort study of self-monitoring BP in pregnancy was carried out in two hospital trusts in Birmingham and Oxford and thirteen primary care practices in Oxfordshire. Eligible women were those defined by the UK National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidelines as at higher risk of pre-eclampsia. A total of 201 participants were recruited between 12 and 16 weeks of pregnancy and were asked to take two BP readings twice daily three times a week through their pregnancy. Primary outcomes were recruitment, retention and persistence of self-monitoring. Study recruitment and retention were analysed with descriptive statistics. Survival analysis was used to evaluate the persistence of self-monitoring and the performance of self-monitoring in the early detection of gestational hypertension, compared to clinic BP monitoring. Secondary outcomes were the mean clinic and self-monitored BP readings and the performance of self-monitoring in the detection of gestational hypertension and pre-eclampsia compared to clinic BP. Results: Of 201 women recruited, 161 (80%) remained in the study at 36 weeks or to the end of their pregnancy, 162 (81%) provided any home readings suitable for analysis, 148 (74%) continued to self-monitor at 20 weeks and 107 (66%) at 36 weeks. Self-monitored readings were similar in value to contemporaneous matched clinic readings for both systolic and diastolic BP. Of the 23 who developed gestational hypertension or pre-eclampsia and self-monitored, 9 (39%) had a raised home BP prior to a raised clinic BP. Conclusions: Self-monitoring of BP in pregnancy is feasible and has potential to be useful in the early detection of gestational hypertensive disorders but maintaining self-monitoring throughout pregnancy requires support and probably enhanced training.

KW - Hypertension

KW - Pre-eclampsia

KW - Pregnancy

KW - Self-monitoring

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ER -

Blood pressure self-monitoring in pregnancy: Examining feasibility in a prospective cohort study

Abstract

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Keywords

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