Determining sediment provenance history in a Gondwanan erg: Botucatu formation, Northern Parana Basin, Brazil

G. Bertolini; J. C. Marques; A. J. Hartley; M. A. S. Basei; J. C. Frantz; P. R. Santos

doi:10.1016/j.sedgeo.2021.105883

Determining sediment provenance history in a Gondwanan erg: Botucatu formation, Northern Parana Basin, Brazil

G. Bertolini^*, J. C. Marques, A. J. Hartley, M. A. S. Basei, J. C. Frantz, P. R. Santos

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

7 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

The Lower Cretaceous Botucatu Formation comprises a dry-aeolian system developed in western Gondwana and preserved within the Parana Basin of central South America. Multiproxy provenance analysis (detrital zircon U-Pb dating, heavy mineral, petrographic and granulometric analysis) was undertaken along two 500 km transects of the northern Parana Basin (NW and NE transects). To assess the provenance variation within the aeolian stratigraphy, samples were taken from the base and top of the Botucatu Formation and from sandstones interbedded with volcanics in the overlying Serra Geral Formation. Granulometric analysis shows a mean fine- to very fine-grained sand. The bulk petrography yields an average composition of Q(91)F(6)L(2), and heavy mineral analysis gives a mean of 86% of zircon-tourmaline-rutile, demonstrating the overall polycyclic nature of the sediment. The discrete occurrence of garnet, apatite and epidote indicates local sediment input points, providing indirect evidence for point-sourced fluvial input into an overall dry aeolian system. Detrital zircon U-Pb LA-ICP-MS dating demonstrates a dominant Cambrian to Late Neoproterozoic (520-750 Ma) population with subsidiary Tonian-Stenian (0.9-1.2 Ga) and Orosirian-Rhyacian (1.9-2.3 Ga) contributions. The Botucatu Formation along the northern basin margin displays similar provenance to the southern part of the basin, pointing to a predominance of recycling processes within the basin. Statistical plots illustrate the detrital zircon age variability recording an upward decrease in the age proportion of Permian and Tonian-Stenian populations and an increase in Cambrian-Late Neoproterozoic dates towards the top. Such variability can be related to the recycling of distinct Parana Basin strata. The proportion of Cambrian-Late Neoproterozoic dates increases in the NE, indicating a possible input from the Ribeira Belt granitoids. Similar to major-scale dune-fields, Botucatu erg register variable sand sources there are possibly linked with coexisting depositional systems. In summary, the northern Botucatu erg is mostly fed by local sources reworked from underlying Parana Basin units, with little direct input from basement sources and limited impact of regional wind-pattern variability. (C) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Original language	English
Article number	105883
Number of pages	13
Journal	Sedimentary Geology
Volume	417
Early online date	6 Mar 2021
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sedgeo.2021.105883
Publication status	Published - 15 May 2021

Bibliographical note

Acknowledgements
The authors gratefully acknowledge support from Shell Brasil through the ‘BG05: UoA-UFRGS-SWB Sedimentary Basins’ project at UFRGS and the strategic importance given by ANP through the R&D levy regulation. Gabriel Bertolini and Juliana C. Marques thanks to CNPq by the SWB scholarship (203786/2017-3) and research fellow support (309519/2018-7). Gabriel Bertolini thanks to CAPES PrInt pos-doctoral fellowship (88887.310123/2018-00). The authors would like to thank Dr. Deborah Mendes for field trip assistance, and the undergraduate students from UFRGS - Jhenifer Caroline da Silva Paim, Nicole Lopes Padilha, Alice Justi Coan, Isadora dos Santos Munari- for their support in sample preparation and data compilation. The authors thanks to Dr. Brian Jones for handling the manuscript and Dr. Eduardo Garzanti, Dr. John Snedden, and a anonymous reviewer for the constructive reviews.

Keywords

Detrital zircon
Sedimentary provenance
Dune-field sand filling
Provenance
Heavy minerals
Botucatu Formation

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Cite this

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title = "Determining sediment provenance history in a Gondwanan erg: Botucatu formation, Northern Parana Basin, Brazil",

abstract = "The Lower Cretaceous Botucatu Formation comprises a dry-aeolian system developed in western Gondwana and preserved within the Parana Basin of central South America. Multiproxy provenance analysis (detrital zircon U-Pb dating, heavy mineral, petrographic and granulometric analysis) was undertaken along two 500 km transects of the northern Parana Basin (NW and NE transects). To assess the provenance variation within the aeolian stratigraphy, samples were taken from the base and top of the Botucatu Formation and from sandstones interbedded with volcanics in the overlying Serra Geral Formation. Granulometric analysis shows a mean fine- to very fine-grained sand. The bulk petrography yields an average composition of Q(91)F(6)L(2), and heavy mineral analysis gives a mean of 86% of zircon-tourmaline-rutile, demonstrating the overall polycyclic nature of the sediment. The discrete occurrence of garnet, apatite and epidote indicates local sediment input points, providing indirect evidence for point-sourced fluvial input into an overall dry aeolian system. Detrital zircon U-Pb LA-ICP-MS dating demonstrates a dominant Cambrian to Late Neoproterozoic (520-750 Ma) population with subsidiary Tonian-Stenian (0.9-1.2 Ga) and Orosirian-Rhyacian (1.9-2.3 Ga) contributions. The Botucatu Formation along the northern basin margin displays similar provenance to the southern part of the basin, pointing to a predominance of recycling processes within the basin. Statistical plots illustrate the detrital zircon age variability recording an upward decrease in the age proportion of Permian and Tonian-Stenian populations and an increase in Cambrian-Late Neoproterozoic dates towards the top. Such variability can be related to the recycling of distinct Parana Basin strata. The proportion of Cambrian-Late Neoproterozoic dates increases in the NE, indicating a possible input from the Ribeira Belt granitoids. Similar to major-scale dune-fields, Botucatu erg register variable sand sources there are possibly linked with coexisting depositional systems. In summary, the northern Botucatu erg is mostly fed by local sources reworked from underlying Parana Basin units, with little direct input from basement sources and limited impact of regional wind-pattern variability. (C) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.",

keywords = "Detrital zircon, Sedimentary provenance, Dune-field sand filling, Provenance, Heavy minerals, Botucatu Formation",

author = "G. Bertolini and Marques, {J. C.} and Hartley, {A. J.} and Basei, {M. A. S.} and Frantz, {J. C.} and Santos, {P. R.}",

note = "Acknowledgements The authors gratefully acknowledge support from Shell Brasil through the {\textquoteleft}BG05: UoA-UFRGS-SWB Sedimentary Basins{\textquoteright} project at UFRGS and the strategic importance given by ANP through the R&D levy regulation. Gabriel Bertolini and Juliana C. Marques thanks to CNPq by the SWB scholarship (203786/2017-3) and research fellow support (309519/2018-7). Gabriel Bertolini thanks to CAPES PrInt pos-doctoral fellowship (88887.310123/2018-00). The authors would like to thank Dr. Deborah Mendes for field trip assistance, and the undergraduate students from UFRGS - Jhenifer Caroline da Silva Paim, Nicole Lopes Padilha, Alice Justi Coan, Isadora dos Santos Munari- for their support in sample preparation and data compilation. The authors thanks to Dr. Brian Jones for handling the manuscript and Dr. Eduardo Garzanti, Dr. John Snedden, and a anonymous reviewer for the constructive reviews.",

year = "2021",

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doi = "10.1016/j.sedgeo.2021.105883",

language = "English",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Determining sediment provenance history in a Gondwanan erg

T2 - Botucatu formation, Northern Parana Basin, Brazil

AU - Bertolini, G.

AU - Marques, J. C.

AU - Hartley, A. J.

AU - Basei, M. A. S.

AU - Frantz, J. C.

AU - Santos, P. R.

N1 - Acknowledgements The authors gratefully acknowledge support from Shell Brasil through the ‘BG05: UoA-UFRGS-SWB Sedimentary Basins’ project at UFRGS and the strategic importance given by ANP through the R&D levy regulation. Gabriel Bertolini and Juliana C. Marques thanks to CNPq by the SWB scholarship (203786/2017-3) and research fellow support (309519/2018-7). Gabriel Bertolini thanks to CAPES PrInt pos-doctoral fellowship (88887.310123/2018-00). The authors would like to thank Dr. Deborah Mendes for field trip assistance, and the undergraduate students from UFRGS - Jhenifer Caroline da Silva Paim, Nicole Lopes Padilha, Alice Justi Coan, Isadora dos Santos Munari- for their support in sample preparation and data compilation. The authors thanks to Dr. Brian Jones for handling the manuscript and Dr. Eduardo Garzanti, Dr. John Snedden, and a anonymous reviewer for the constructive reviews.

PY - 2021/5/15

Y1 - 2021/5/15

N2 - The Lower Cretaceous Botucatu Formation comprises a dry-aeolian system developed in western Gondwana and preserved within the Parana Basin of central South America. Multiproxy provenance analysis (detrital zircon U-Pb dating, heavy mineral, petrographic and granulometric analysis) was undertaken along two 500 km transects of the northern Parana Basin (NW and NE transects). To assess the provenance variation within the aeolian stratigraphy, samples were taken from the base and top of the Botucatu Formation and from sandstones interbedded with volcanics in the overlying Serra Geral Formation. Granulometric analysis shows a mean fine- to very fine-grained sand. The bulk petrography yields an average composition of Q(91)F(6)L(2), and heavy mineral analysis gives a mean of 86% of zircon-tourmaline-rutile, demonstrating the overall polycyclic nature of the sediment. The discrete occurrence of garnet, apatite and epidote indicates local sediment input points, providing indirect evidence for point-sourced fluvial input into an overall dry aeolian system. Detrital zircon U-Pb LA-ICP-MS dating demonstrates a dominant Cambrian to Late Neoproterozoic (520-750 Ma) population with subsidiary Tonian-Stenian (0.9-1.2 Ga) and Orosirian-Rhyacian (1.9-2.3 Ga) contributions. The Botucatu Formation along the northern basin margin displays similar provenance to the southern part of the basin, pointing to a predominance of recycling processes within the basin. Statistical plots illustrate the detrital zircon age variability recording an upward decrease in the age proportion of Permian and Tonian-Stenian populations and an increase in Cambrian-Late Neoproterozoic dates towards the top. Such variability can be related to the recycling of distinct Parana Basin strata. The proportion of Cambrian-Late Neoproterozoic dates increases in the NE, indicating a possible input from the Ribeira Belt granitoids. Similar to major-scale dune-fields, Botucatu erg register variable sand sources there are possibly linked with coexisting depositional systems. In summary, the northern Botucatu erg is mostly fed by local sources reworked from underlying Parana Basin units, with little direct input from basement sources and limited impact of regional wind-pattern variability. (C) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

AB - The Lower Cretaceous Botucatu Formation comprises a dry-aeolian system developed in western Gondwana and preserved within the Parana Basin of central South America. Multiproxy provenance analysis (detrital zircon U-Pb dating, heavy mineral, petrographic and granulometric analysis) was undertaken along two 500 km transects of the northern Parana Basin (NW and NE transects). To assess the provenance variation within the aeolian stratigraphy, samples were taken from the base and top of the Botucatu Formation and from sandstones interbedded with volcanics in the overlying Serra Geral Formation. Granulometric analysis shows a mean fine- to very fine-grained sand. The bulk petrography yields an average composition of Q(91)F(6)L(2), and heavy mineral analysis gives a mean of 86% of zircon-tourmaline-rutile, demonstrating the overall polycyclic nature of the sediment. The discrete occurrence of garnet, apatite and epidote indicates local sediment input points, providing indirect evidence for point-sourced fluvial input into an overall dry aeolian system. Detrital zircon U-Pb LA-ICP-MS dating demonstrates a dominant Cambrian to Late Neoproterozoic (520-750 Ma) population with subsidiary Tonian-Stenian (0.9-1.2 Ga) and Orosirian-Rhyacian (1.9-2.3 Ga) contributions. The Botucatu Formation along the northern basin margin displays similar provenance to the southern part of the basin, pointing to a predominance of recycling processes within the basin. Statistical plots illustrate the detrital zircon age variability recording an upward decrease in the age proportion of Permian and Tonian-Stenian populations and an increase in Cambrian-Late Neoproterozoic dates towards the top. Such variability can be related to the recycling of distinct Parana Basin strata. The proportion of Cambrian-Late Neoproterozoic dates increases in the NE, indicating a possible input from the Ribeira Belt granitoids. Similar to major-scale dune-fields, Botucatu erg register variable sand sources there are possibly linked with coexisting depositional systems. In summary, the northern Botucatu erg is mostly fed by local sources reworked from underlying Parana Basin units, with little direct input from basement sources and limited impact of regional wind-pattern variability. (C) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

KW - Detrital zircon

KW - Sedimentary provenance

KW - Dune-field sand filling

KW - Provenance

KW - Heavy minerals

KW - Botucatu Formation

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U2 - 10.1016/j.sedgeo.2021.105883

DO - 10.1016/j.sedgeo.2021.105883

M3 - Article

SN - 0037-0738

VL - 417

JO - Sedimentary Geology

JF - Sedimentary Geology

M1 - 105883

ER -

Determining sediment provenance history in a Gondwanan erg: Botucatu formation, Northern Parana Basin, Brazil

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

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