Effect of cathode material and its size on the abundance of nitrogen removal functional genes in microcosms of integrated bioelectrochemical-wetland systems

Sharvari S. Gadegaonkar; Timothé Philippon; Joanna M. Rogińska; Ülo Mander; Martin Maddison; Mathieu Etienne; Frédéric Barrière; Kuno Kasak; Rauno Lust; Mikk Espenberg

doi:10.3390/soilsystems4030047

Effect of cathode material and its size on the abundance of nitrogen removal functional genes in microcosms of integrated bioelectrochemical-wetland systems

Sharvari S. Gadegaonkar, Timothé Philippon, Joanna M. Rogińska, Ülo Mander, Martin Maddison, Mathieu Etienne, Frédéric Barrière, Kuno Kasak, Rauno Lust, Mikk Espenberg^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Aberdeen Centre For Environmental Sustainability

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

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Abstract

Constructed wetland-microbial electrochemical snorkel (CW-MES) systems, which are short-circuited microbial fuel cells (MFC), have emerged as a novel tool for wastewater management, although the system mechanisms are insufficiently studied in process-based or environmental contexts. Based on quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays, we assessed the prevalence of different nitrogen removal processes for treating nitrate-rich waters with varying cathode materials (stainless steel, graphite felt, and copper) and sizes in the CW-MES systems and correlated them to the changes of N₂O emissions. The nitrate and nitrite removal efficiencies were in range of 40% to 75% and over 98%, respectively. In response to the electrochemical manipulation, the abundances of most of the nitrogen-transforming microbial groups decreased in general. Graphite felt cathodes supported nitrifiers, but nirK-type denitrifiers were inhibited. Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (ANAMMOX) bacteria were less abundant in the electrochemically manipulated treatments compared to the controls. ANAMMOX and denitrification are the main nitrogen reducers in CW-MES systems. The treatments with 1:1 graphite felt, copper, plastic, and stainless-steel cathodes showed higher N₂O emissions. nirS-and nosZI-type denitrifiers are mainly responsible for producing and reducing N₂O emissions, respectively. Hence, electrochemical manipulation supported dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) microbes may play a crucial role in producing N₂O in CW-MES systems.

Original language	English
Article number	47
Number of pages	15
Journal	Soil Systems
Volume	4
Issue number	3
Early online date	3 Aug 2020
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3390/soilsystems4030047
Publication status	Published - Sept 2020

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
Funding: This study was supported by the Estonian Research Council (PUTJD715, IUT2-16, PRG352 and PRG676); the EU through the European Regional Development Fund (Centre of Excellence EcolChange, Estonia) and by the European Structural and Investment Funds. The financial support from The French National Research Agency (ANR-17-CE04-0004) is gratefully acknowledged. The financial support from the International mobility support for PhD students–DrEAM (University of Lorraine) is gratefully acknowledged.

Keywords

ANAMMOX
Bioelectrochemical system
Cathode material and size
Constructed wetland
Denitrification
DNRA
Microbial electrochemical snorkel
Microbial fuel cell
Nitrification
Nitrous oxide

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Gadegaonkar, S. S., Philippon, T., Rogińska, J. M., Mander, Ü., Maddison, M., Etienne, M., Barrière, F., Kasak, K., Lust, R., & Espenberg, M. (2020). Effect of cathode material and its size on the abundance of nitrogen removal functional genes in microcosms of integrated bioelectrochemical-wetland systems. Soil Systems, 4(3), Article 47. https://doi.org/10.3390/soilsystems4030047

Gadegaonkar, SS, Philippon, T, Rogińska, JM, Mander, Ü, Maddison, M, Etienne, M, Barrière, F, Kasak, K, Lust, R & Espenberg, M 2020, 'Effect of cathode material and its size on the abundance of nitrogen removal functional genes in microcosms of integrated bioelectrochemical-wetland systems', Soil Systems, vol. 4, no. 3, 47. https://doi.org/10.3390/soilsystems4030047

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title = "Effect of cathode material and its size on the abundance of nitrogen removal functional genes in microcosms of integrated bioelectrochemical-wetland systems",

abstract = "Constructed wetland-microbial electrochemical snorkel (CW-MES) systems, which are short-circuited microbial fuel cells (MFC), have emerged as a novel tool for wastewater management, although the system mechanisms are insufficiently studied in process-based or environmental contexts. Based on quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays, we assessed the prevalence of different nitrogen removal processes for treating nitrate-rich waters with varying cathode materials (stainless steel, graphite felt, and copper) and sizes in the CW-MES systems and correlated them to the changes of N2O emissions. The nitrate and nitrite removal efficiencies were in range of 40% to 75% and over 98%, respectively. In response to the electrochemical manipulation, the abundances of most of the nitrogen-transforming microbial groups decreased in general. Graphite felt cathodes supported nitrifiers, but nirK-type denitrifiers were inhibited. Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (ANAMMOX) bacteria were less abundant in the electrochemically manipulated treatments compared to the controls. ANAMMOX and denitrification are the main nitrogen reducers in CW-MES systems. The treatments with 1:1 graphite felt, copper, plastic, and stainless-steel cathodes showed higher N2O emissions. nirS-and nosZI-type denitrifiers are mainly responsible for producing and reducing N2O emissions, respectively. Hence, electrochemical manipulation supported dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) microbes may play a crucial role in producing N2O in CW-MES systems.",

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note = "Funding Information: Funding: This study was supported by the Estonian Research Council (PUTJD715, IUT2-16, PRG352 and PRG676); the EU through the European Regional Development Fund (Centre of Excellence EcolChange, Estonia) and by the European Structural and Investment Funds. The financial support from The French National Research Agency (ANR-17-CE04-0004) is gratefully acknowledged. The financial support from the International mobility support for PhD students–DrEAM (University of Lorraine) is gratefully acknowledged.",

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AU - Philippon, Timothé

AU - Rogińska, Joanna M.

AU - Mander, Ülo

AU - Maddison, Martin

AU - Etienne, Mathieu

AU - Barrière, Frédéric

AU - Kasak, Kuno

AU - Lust, Rauno

AU - Espenberg, Mikk

N1 - Funding Information: Funding: This study was supported by the Estonian Research Council (PUTJD715, IUT2-16, PRG352 and PRG676); the EU through the European Regional Development Fund (Centre of Excellence EcolChange, Estonia) and by the European Structural and Investment Funds. The financial support from The French National Research Agency (ANR-17-CE04-0004) is gratefully acknowledged. The financial support from the International mobility support for PhD students–DrEAM (University of Lorraine) is gratefully acknowledged.

PY - 2020/9

Y1 - 2020/9

N2 - Constructed wetland-microbial electrochemical snorkel (CW-MES) systems, which are short-circuited microbial fuel cells (MFC), have emerged as a novel tool for wastewater management, although the system mechanisms are insufficiently studied in process-based or environmental contexts. Based on quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays, we assessed the prevalence of different nitrogen removal processes for treating nitrate-rich waters with varying cathode materials (stainless steel, graphite felt, and copper) and sizes in the CW-MES systems and correlated them to the changes of N2O emissions. The nitrate and nitrite removal efficiencies were in range of 40% to 75% and over 98%, respectively. In response to the electrochemical manipulation, the abundances of most of the nitrogen-transforming microbial groups decreased in general. Graphite felt cathodes supported nitrifiers, but nirK-type denitrifiers were inhibited. Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (ANAMMOX) bacteria were less abundant in the electrochemically manipulated treatments compared to the controls. ANAMMOX and denitrification are the main nitrogen reducers in CW-MES systems. The treatments with 1:1 graphite felt, copper, plastic, and stainless-steel cathodes showed higher N2O emissions. nirS-and nosZI-type denitrifiers are mainly responsible for producing and reducing N2O emissions, respectively. Hence, electrochemical manipulation supported dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) microbes may play a crucial role in producing N2O in CW-MES systems.

AB - Constructed wetland-microbial electrochemical snorkel (CW-MES) systems, which are short-circuited microbial fuel cells (MFC), have emerged as a novel tool for wastewater management, although the system mechanisms are insufficiently studied in process-based or environmental contexts. Based on quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays, we assessed the prevalence of different nitrogen removal processes for treating nitrate-rich waters with varying cathode materials (stainless steel, graphite felt, and copper) and sizes in the CW-MES systems and correlated them to the changes of N2O emissions. The nitrate and nitrite removal efficiencies were in range of 40% to 75% and over 98%, respectively. In response to the electrochemical manipulation, the abundances of most of the nitrogen-transforming microbial groups decreased in general. Graphite felt cathodes supported nitrifiers, but nirK-type denitrifiers were inhibited. Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (ANAMMOX) bacteria were less abundant in the electrochemically manipulated treatments compared to the controls. ANAMMOX and denitrification are the main nitrogen reducers in CW-MES systems. The treatments with 1:1 graphite felt, copper, plastic, and stainless-steel cathodes showed higher N2O emissions. nirS-and nosZI-type denitrifiers are mainly responsible for producing and reducing N2O emissions, respectively. Hence, electrochemical manipulation supported dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) microbes may play a crucial role in producing N2O in CW-MES systems.

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Effect of cathode material and its size on the abundance of nitrogen removal functional genes in microcosms of integrated bioelectrochemical-wetland systems

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

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