Abstract
Hypochlorite generated in vivo under pathological conditions is a known oxidant and chlorinating agent, able to react with proteins and lipids, which affects the stability of biological membranes. Reaction with unsaturated fatty acyl chains in glycerophospholipids such as phosphatidylcholine results in the formation of chlorohydrins. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of chlorohydrins formed by the reaction of hypochlorite with 1-stearoyl-2-oleoyl-, 1-stearoyl-2-linoleoyl-, and 1-stearoyl-2-arachidonylphosphatidylcholine on biophysical properties of bilayers and their effects on human erythrocytes. Using electrospray mass spectrometry we observed complete conversion of the lipids into chlorohydrins, which resulted in a decrease in the rotational correlation time and an increase in the order parameter of liposomes. Unilamellar chlorohydrin liposomes had a lower permeation coefficient for calcein than liposomes made of parent lipids. Flow cytometry demonstrated fast incorporation of uni and multilamellar chlorohydrin liposomes labeled with NBD-phosphatidylethanolamine into erythrocytes. This effect was accompanied by changes in erythrocyte shape (echinocyte formation) and aggregation. Similar but less pronounced effects were noticed for parent lipids only after longer incubation. Chlorohydrins showed also a stronger hemolytic action, proportional to the lipid:erythrocyte ratio. These results are important for understanding the effects of HOCl on mammalian cells, such as might occur in inflammatory pathology.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 639-647 |
Number of pages | 9 |
Journal | Chemistry and Physics of Lipids |
Volume | 163 |
Issue number | 7 |
Early online date | 31 May 2010 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - Sept 2010 |
Bibliographical note
Copyright 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.Keywords
- chlorohydrins
- erythrocyte aggregation
- erythrocyte membrane
- erythrocytes
- hemolysis
- humans
- hypochlorous acid
- liposomes
- membrane fluidity
- phosphatidylcholines