Elevated spring testosterone increases parasite intensity in male red grouse

Earth & Environmental Sciences

• parasite intensity 100%
• testosterone 81%
• parasite 39%
• parasite control 20%
• immunocompetence 19%
• infection 15%
• nematode 12%
• autumn 9%
• reproductive success 6%
• defense 5%
• plasma 4%
• dose 4%
• protein 4%
• cost 2%

Agriculture & Biology

• Lagopus lagopus scoticus 96%
• testosterone 53%
• parasites 41%
• Trichostrongylus tenuis 38%
• immunocompetence 14%
• infection 8%
• autumn 8%
• Nematoda 8%
• Coccidiomorphea 6%
• weight control 6%
• globulins 5%
• blood proteins 5%
• albumins 4%
• breeding 3%
• dosage 2%