Estrogenic alkylphenols induce cell death by inhibiting testis endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ pumps

P.J. Hughes, H McLellan, Damon Anthony Lowes, S.Zafar Khan, J G Bilmen, S C Tovey, R E Godfrey, R H Michell, C.J. Kirk, F Michelangeli

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

145 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Industrial alkylphenols in the environment may act as "xenoestrogens" to disrupt testicular development and decrease male fertility. Amongst possible targets for these compounds are testicular Sertoli cells, which nurture the developing sperm cells. We demonstrate that SERCA 2 and 3 Ca2+ pumps are relatively abundant in rat testis microsomal membranes, and also in Sertoli, myoid, and TM4 cells (a Sertoli cell line). A number of estrogenic alkylphenols such as nonylphenol, octylphenol, bisphenol A, and butylated hydroxytoluene all inhibit testicular Ca2+ ATPase in the low micromolar concentration range. These agents also mobilize intracellular Ca2+ in intact TM4 cells in a manner consistent with the inhibition of ER Ca2+ pumps. Alkylphenols dramatically decrease the viability of TM4 cells, an effect that is reversed by either a caspase inhibitor or by BAPTA, and is therefore consistent with Ca2+-dependent cell death via apoptosis. We postulate that alkylphenols disrupt testicular development by inhibiting ER Ca2+ pumps, thus disturbing testicular Ca2+ homeostasis. (C) 2000 Academic Press.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)568-574
Number of pages7
JournalBiochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
Volume277
Issue number3
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2 Nov 2000

Keywords

  • alkylphenols
  • environmental estrogens
  • apoptosis
  • SERCA
  • Ca2+ ATPase
  • testis
  • Sertoli cell
  • MALE RATS
  • P-NONYLPHENOL
  • SERTOLI CELLS
  • BISPHENOL-A
  • EXPOSURE
  • (CA2+-MG2+)-ATPASE
  • SPERMATOGENESIS
  • IDENTIFICATION
  • MOBILIZATION
  • MECHANISMS
  • MECHANISMS

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