Forest canopy mitigates soil N2O emission during hot moments

Ülo Mander; Alisa Krasnova; Jordi Escuer-Gatius; Mikk Espenberg; Thomas Schindler; Katerina Machacova; Jaan Pärn; Martin Maddison; J. Patrick Megonigal; Mari Pihlatie; Kuno Kasak; Ülo Niinemets; Heikki Junninen; Kaido Soosaar

doi:10.1038/s41612-021-00194-7

Forest canopy mitigates soil N₂O emission during hot moments

Ülo Mander^*, Alisa Krasnova, Jordi Escuer-Gatius, Mikk Espenberg, Thomas Schindler, Katerina Machacova, Jaan Pärn, Martin Maddison, J. Patrick Megonigal, Mari Pihlatie, Kuno Kasak, Ülo Niinemets, Heikki Junninen, Kaido Soosaar

^*Corresponding author for this work

Aberdeen Centre For Environmental Sustainability

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

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Abstract

Riparian forests are known as hot spots of nitrogen cycling in landscapes. Climate warming speeds up the cycle. Here we present results from a multi-annual high temporal-frequency study of soil, stem, and ecosystem (eddy covariance) fluxes of N₂O from a typical riparian forest in Europe. Hot moments (extreme events of N₂O emission) lasted a quarter of the study period but contributed more than half of soil fluxes. We demonstrate that high soil emissions of N₂O do not escape the ecosystem but are processed in the canopy. Rapid water content change across intermediate soil moisture was a major determinant of elevated soil emissions in spring. The freeze-thaw period is another hot moment. However, according to the eddy covariance measurements, the riparian forest is a modest source of N₂O. We propose photochemical reactions and dissolution in canopy-space water as reduction mechanisms.

Original language	English
Article number	39
Journal	npj Climate and Atmospheric Science
Volume	4
Issue number	1
Early online date	14 Jul 2021
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-021-00194-7
Publication status	Published - Dec 2021

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This study was supported by the Ministry of Education and Science of Estonia (SF0180127s08 grant), the Estonian Research Council (IUT2-16, PRG-352, and MOBERC20), the Czech Science Foundation (17-18112Y) and project SustES— Adaptation strategies for sustainable ecosystem services and food security under adverse environmental conditions (CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_019/0000797), the EU through the European Regional Development Fund (Centres of Excellence ENVIRON, grant number TK-107, EcolChange, grant number TK-131, and the MOBTP101 returning researcher grant by the Mobilitas Pluss program) and the European Social Fund (Doctoral School of Earth Sciences and Ecology). This work was also supported by the Academy of Finland (294088, 288494), and from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No [757695]. We would like to thank Marek Jakubík for his technical support.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2021, The Author(s).

Data Availability Statement

Data used in this study are available from PANGAEA (https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.926331). All the data used in this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

Keywords

biogeochemistry
climate change
forest ecology

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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Cite this

Mander, Ü., Krasnova, A., Escuer-Gatius, J., Espenberg, M., Schindler, T., Machacova, K., Pärn, J., Maddison, M., Megonigal, J. P., Pihlatie, M., Kasak, K., Niinemets, Ü., Junninen, H., & Soosaar, K. (2021). Forest canopy mitigates soil N₂O emission during hot moments. npj Climate and Atmospheric Science, 4(1), Article 39. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-021-00194-7

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abstract = "Riparian forests are known as hot spots of nitrogen cycling in landscapes. Climate warming speeds up the cycle. Here we present results from a multi-annual high temporal-frequency study of soil, stem, and ecosystem (eddy covariance) fluxes of N2O from a typical riparian forest in Europe. Hot moments (extreme events of N2O emission) lasted a quarter of the study period but contributed more than half of soil fluxes. We demonstrate that high soil emissions of N2O do not escape the ecosystem but are processed in the canopy. Rapid water content change across intermediate soil moisture was a major determinant of elevated soil emissions in spring. The freeze-thaw period is another hot moment. However, according to the eddy covariance measurements, the riparian forest is a modest source of N2O. We propose photochemical reactions and dissolution in canopy-space water as reduction mechanisms.",

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note = "Funding Information: This study was supported by the Ministry of Education and Science of Estonia (SF0180127s08 grant), the Estonian Research Council (IUT2-16, PRG-352, and MOBERC20), the Czech Science Foundation (17-18112Y) and project SustES— Adaptation strategies for sustainable ecosystem services and food security under adverse environmental conditions (CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_019/0000797), the EU through the European Regional Development Fund (Centres of Excellence ENVIRON, grant number TK-107, EcolChange, grant number TK-131, and the MOBTP101 returning researcher grant by the Mobilitas Pluss program) and the European Social Fund (Doctoral School of Earth Sciences and Ecology). This work was also supported by the Academy of Finland (294088, 288494), and from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union{\textquoteright}s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No [757695]. We would like to thank Marek Jakub{\'i}k for his technical support. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021, The Author(s).",

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AU - Schindler, Thomas

AU - Machacova, Katerina

AU - Pärn, Jaan

AU - Maddison, Martin

AU - Megonigal, J. Patrick

AU - Pihlatie, Mari

AU - Kasak, Kuno

AU - Niinemets, Ülo

AU - Junninen, Heikki

AU - Soosaar, Kaido

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AB - Riparian forests are known as hot spots of nitrogen cycling in landscapes. Climate warming speeds up the cycle. Here we present results from a multi-annual high temporal-frequency study of soil, stem, and ecosystem (eddy covariance) fluxes of N2O from a typical riparian forest in Europe. Hot moments (extreme events of N2O emission) lasted a quarter of the study period but contributed more than half of soil fluxes. We demonstrate that high soil emissions of N2O do not escape the ecosystem but are processed in the canopy. Rapid water content change across intermediate soil moisture was a major determinant of elevated soil emissions in spring. The freeze-thaw period is another hot moment. However, according to the eddy covariance measurements, the riparian forest is a modest source of N2O. We propose photochemical reactions and dissolution in canopy-space water as reduction mechanisms.

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