TY - JOUR
T1 - Functional activity of the complement regulator encoded by Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus
AU - Brad Spiller, O.
AU - Blackbourn, David J.
AU - Mark, Linda
AU - Proctor, David G.
AU - Blom, Anna M.
N1 - Acknowledgments
We thank Dr. Kevin Marchbank (University of Wales College of Medicine, Cardiff, UK) for guidance and discussion on C3dg studies, Profs. Patrick Moore and Yuan Chang (University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA) for valuable provision of resources and discussion, Dr. Bruno Villoutreix (University of Paris) for homology-based modeling, and Prof. B. Paul Morgan (University of Wales College of Medicine) and Prof. Björn Dahlbäck (Lund University, Malmö, Sweden) for continuous generous support.
PY - 2003/3/14
Y1 - 2003/3/14
N2 - Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is closely associated with Kaposi's sarcoma and certain B-cell lymphomas. The fourth open reading frame of the KSHV genome encodes a protein (KSHV complement control protein (KCP, previously termed ORF4)) predicted to have complement-regulating activity. Here, we show that soluble KCP strongly enhanced the decay of classical C3-convertase but not the alternative pathway C3-convertase, when compared with the host complement regulators: factor H, C4b-binding protein, and decay-accelerating factor. The equilibrium affinity constant (KD) of KCP for C3b and C4b was determined by surface plasmon resonance analysis to range between 0.47-10 μM and 0.025-6.1 μM, respectively, depending on NaCl concentration and cation presence. Soluble and cell-associated KCP acted as a cofactor for factor I (FI)-mediated cleavage of both C4b and C3b and induced the cleavage products C4d and iC3b, respectively. In the presence of KCP, FI further cleaved iC3b to C3d, which has never been described before as complement receptor 1 only mediates the production of C3dg by FI. KCP would enhance virus pathogenesis through evading complement attack, opsonization, and anaphylaxis but may also aid in targeting KSHV to one of its host reservoirs since C3d is a ligand for complement receptor 2 on B-cells.
AB - Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is closely associated with Kaposi's sarcoma and certain B-cell lymphomas. The fourth open reading frame of the KSHV genome encodes a protein (KSHV complement control protein (KCP, previously termed ORF4)) predicted to have complement-regulating activity. Here, we show that soluble KCP strongly enhanced the decay of classical C3-convertase but not the alternative pathway C3-convertase, when compared with the host complement regulators: factor H, C4b-binding protein, and decay-accelerating factor. The equilibrium affinity constant (KD) of KCP for C3b and C4b was determined by surface plasmon resonance analysis to range between 0.47-10 μM and 0.025-6.1 μM, respectively, depending on NaCl concentration and cation presence. Soluble and cell-associated KCP acted as a cofactor for factor I (FI)-mediated cleavage of both C4b and C3b and induced the cleavage products C4d and iC3b, respectively. In the presence of KCP, FI further cleaved iC3b to C3d, which has never been described before as complement receptor 1 only mediates the production of C3dg by FI. KCP would enhance virus pathogenesis through evading complement attack, opsonization, and anaphylaxis but may also aid in targeting KSHV to one of its host reservoirs since C3d is a ligand for complement receptor 2 on B-cells.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0037646403&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1074/jbc.M211579200
DO - 10.1074/jbc.M211579200
M3 - Article
C2 - 12645526
AN - SCOPUS:0037646403
VL - 278
SP - 9283
EP - 9289
JO - The Journal of Biological Chemistry
JF - The Journal of Biological Chemistry
SN - 0021-9258
IS - 11
ER -