@article{1f66a1afc4f142dc8ccd1899b8d47516,
title = "Genetic variance in fitness indicates rapid contemporary adaptive evolution in wild animals",
abstract = "The rate of adaptive evolution, the contribution of selection to genetic changes that increase mean fitness, is determined by the additive genetic variance in individual relative fitness. To date, there are few robust estimates of this parameter for natural populations, and it is therefore unclear whether adaptive evolution can play a meaningful role in short-term population dynamics. We developed and applied quantitative genetic methods to long-term datasets from 19 wild bird and mammal populations and found that, while estimates vary between populations, additive genetic variance in relative fitness is often substantial and, on average, twice that of previous estimates. We show that these rates of contemporary adaptive evolution can affect population dynamics and hence that natural selection has the potential to partly mitigate effects of current environmental change.",
author = "Timoth{\'e}e Bonnet and Morrissey, {Michael B} and {de Villemereuil}, Pierre and Alberts, {Susan C} and Peter Arcese and Bailey, {Liam D} and Stan Boutin and Patricia Brekke and Brent, {Lauren J N} and Glauco Camenisch and Anne Charmantier and Clutton-Brock, {Tim H} and Andrew Cockburn and Coltman, {David W} and Alexandre Courtiol and Eve Davidian and Evans, {Simon R} and Ewen, {John G} and Marco Festa-Bianchet and {de Franceschi}, Christophe and Lars Gustafsson and H{\"o}ner, {Oliver P} and Houslay, {Thomas M} and Keller, {Lukas F} and Marta Manser and McAdam, {Andrew G} and Emily McLean and Pirmin Nietlisbach and Osmond, {Helen L} and Pemberton, {Josephine M} and Erik Postma and Reid, {Jane M} and Alexis Rutschmann and Santure, {Anna W} and Sheldon, {Ben C} and Jon Slate and C{\'e}line Teplitsky and Visser, {Marcel E} and Bettina Wachter and Kruuk, {Loeske E B}",
note = "Acknowledgements We acknowledge the people, organizations, and traditional owners on whose land the study populations were monitored. We also thank numerous fieldworkers and funding bodies; see supplementary text S10 for full acknowledgments related to each study. This work was supported by computational resources provided by the Australian government through the National Computational Infrastructure (NCI) under the ANU Merit Allocation Scheme. We thank A. E. Latimer for graphic design, L.-M. Chevin and J. Hadfield for suggestions on early versions of this work, and B. Walsh and three anonymous reviewers for comments on the manuscript. Funding The long-term studies presented here were funded as follows (see details in supplementary text S10). Montpellier and Corsica blue tits: Observatoire de Recherche Montpelli{\'e}rain de l{\textquoteright}Environnement (OSU-OREME), Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR), European Research Council (ERC); Hoge Veluwe great tits: the NIOO-KNAW, ERC, and numerous funding agencies; Wytham great tits: Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, ERC, and the UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC); Mandarte song sparrows: Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Swiss National Science Foundation, ERC, Norwegian Research Council; Gotland collared flycatchers: Swedish Research Council (VR) and Swedish Research Council for Environment, Agricultural Sciences and Spatial Planning (FORMAS); Hihi: the New Zealand Department of Conservation (DoC), the Hihi Recovery Group, Zealandia, Research England, Royal Society of New Zealand; Canberra superb fairy-wrens: the Australian Research Council (ARC); Amboseli baboons: the US National Science Foundation, the US National Institute on Aging, the Princeton Center for the Demography of Aging, the Chicago Zoological Society, the Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, the L.S.B. Leakey Foundation, and the National Geographic Society; Cayo Santiago macaques: the National Center for Research Resources and the Office of Research Infrastructure Programs of the National Institutes of Health; Graub{\"u}nden Snow voles: the Swiss National Science Foundation; Kluane red squirrels: Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) and the National Science Foundation (NSF); Ram Mountain bighorn sheep: NSERC; The Isle of Rum red deer and St Kilda Soay sheep: NERC; Kalahari meerkats: ERC, Human Frontier Science Program, the University of Zurich, the Swiss National Science Foundation, MAVA Foundation, the Mammal Research Institute at the University of Pretoria, South Africa; Ngorongoro spotted hyenas: the Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, the Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst, the Max Planck Society, the Werner Dessauer Stiftung.",
year = "2022",
month = may,
day = "27",
doi = "10.1126/science.abk0853",
language = "English",
volume = "376",
pages = "1012--1016",
journal = "Science",
issn = "0036-8075",
publisher = "AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE",
number = "6596",
}