Hydraulic resistance of artificial vegetation patches in aligned and staggered configurations

Mario Savio; Davide Vettori; Hamish Biggs; Andrea Zampiron; Stuart M. Cameron; Mark Stewart; Chris Soulsby; Vladimir Nikora

doi:10.1080/00221686.2023.2180445

Hydraulic resistance of artificial vegetation patches in aligned and staggered configurations

Mario Savio, Davide Vettori^* (Corresponding Author), Hamish Biggs, Andrea Zampiron, Stuart M. Cameron, Mark Stewart, Chris Soulsby, Vladimir Nikora

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

1 Citation (Scopus)

Abstract

The paper reports the results of laboratory experiments to investigate the effect of vegetation patch mosaics on hydraulic resistance. Experiments were run for seven levels of vegetation coverage with square patches of flexible plastic grass in aligned and staggered configurations and a wide range of hydraulic conditions. Hydraulic resistance was substantially higher for staggered than aligned configurations, particularly for intermediate ranges of vegetation coverage. The results indicate that hydraulic resistance differs between regimes of isolated roughness flow, wake interference flow, and skimming flow. Two types of models are proposed to predict hydraulic resistance (i.e. Manning’s coefficient n) for aligned and staggered configurations, one as a function of the nondimensional spatially-averaged hydraulic radius and another as a function of relative submergence and surface area blockage factor. To account for the effects of vegetation patch alignment, an additional factor α is introduced. This work provides comprehensive datasets and models that can be used to improve the prediction of hydraulic resistance in open-channel flows with vegetation patches.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	220-232
Number of pages	12
Journal	Journal of Hydraulic Research
Volume	61
Issue number	2
Early online date	26 Apr 2023
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1080/00221686.2023.2180445
Publication status	E-pub ahead of print - 26 Apr 2023

Bibliographical note

Funding
The study has been supported by three EPSRC/UK grants (Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council): “High-resolution numerical and experimental studies of turbulence-induced sediment erosion and near-bed transport” (EP/G056404/1), “Bed friction in rough-bed free-surface flows: a theoretical framework, roughness regimes, and quantification” (EP/K041088/1) and “Secondary currents in turbulent flows over rough walls” (EP/V002414/1).

Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 International Association for Hydro-Environment Engineering and Research.

Keywords

Ecohydraulics
environmental fluid mechanics
flow–biota interactions
hydraulic resistance
vegetated flows

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10.1080/00221686.2023.2180445

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title = "Hydraulic resistance of artificial vegetation patches in aligned and staggered configurations",

abstract = "The paper reports the results of laboratory experiments to investigate the effect of vegetation patch mosaics on hydraulic resistance. Experiments were run for seven levels of vegetation coverage with square patches of flexible plastic grass in aligned and staggered configurations and a wide range of hydraulic conditions. Hydraulic resistance was substantially higher for staggered than aligned configurations, particularly for intermediate ranges of vegetation coverage. The results indicate that hydraulic resistance differs between regimes of isolated roughness flow, wake interference flow, and skimming flow. Two types of models are proposed to predict hydraulic resistance (i.e. Manning{\textquoteright}s coefficient n) for aligned and staggered configurations, one as a function of the nondimensional spatially-averaged hydraulic radius and another as a function of relative submergence and surface area blockage factor. To account for the effects of vegetation patch alignment, an additional factor α is introduced. This work provides comprehensive datasets and models that can be used to improve the prediction of hydraulic resistance in open-channel flows with vegetation patches.",

keywords = "Ecohydraulics, environmental fluid mechanics, flow–biota interactions, hydraulic resistance, vegetated flows",

author = "Mario Savio and Davide Vettori and Hamish Biggs and Andrea Zampiron and Cameron, {Stuart M.} and Mark Stewart and Chris Soulsby and Vladimir Nikora",

note = "Funding The study has been supported by three EPSRC/UK grants (Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council): “High-resolution numerical and experimental studies of turbulence-induced sediment erosion and near-bed transport” (EP/G056404/1), “Bed friction in rough-bed free-surface flows: a theoretical framework, roughness regimes, and quantification” (EP/K041088/1) and “Secondary currents in turbulent flows over rough walls” (EP/V002414/1). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2023 International Association for Hydro-Environment Engineering and Research.",

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AU - Cameron, Stuart M.

AU - Stewart, Mark

AU - Soulsby, Chris

AU - Nikora, Vladimir

N1 - Funding The study has been supported by three EPSRC/UK grants (Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council): “High-resolution numerical and experimental studies of turbulence-induced sediment erosion and near-bed transport” (EP/G056404/1), “Bed friction in rough-bed free-surface flows: a theoretical framework, roughness regimes, and quantification” (EP/K041088/1) and “Secondary currents in turbulent flows over rough walls” (EP/V002414/1). Publisher Copyright: © 2023 International Association for Hydro-Environment Engineering and Research.

PY - 2023/4/26

Y1 - 2023/4/26

N2 - The paper reports the results of laboratory experiments to investigate the effect of vegetation patch mosaics on hydraulic resistance. Experiments were run for seven levels of vegetation coverage with square patches of flexible plastic grass in aligned and staggered configurations and a wide range of hydraulic conditions. Hydraulic resistance was substantially higher for staggered than aligned configurations, particularly for intermediate ranges of vegetation coverage. The results indicate that hydraulic resistance differs between regimes of isolated roughness flow, wake interference flow, and skimming flow. Two types of models are proposed to predict hydraulic resistance (i.e. Manning’s coefficient n) for aligned and staggered configurations, one as a function of the nondimensional spatially-averaged hydraulic radius and another as a function of relative submergence and surface area blockage factor. To account for the effects of vegetation patch alignment, an additional factor α is introduced. This work provides comprehensive datasets and models that can be used to improve the prediction of hydraulic resistance in open-channel flows with vegetation patches.

AB - The paper reports the results of laboratory experiments to investigate the effect of vegetation patch mosaics on hydraulic resistance. Experiments were run for seven levels of vegetation coverage with square patches of flexible plastic grass in aligned and staggered configurations and a wide range of hydraulic conditions. Hydraulic resistance was substantially higher for staggered than aligned configurations, particularly for intermediate ranges of vegetation coverage. The results indicate that hydraulic resistance differs between regimes of isolated roughness flow, wake interference flow, and skimming flow. Two types of models are proposed to predict hydraulic resistance (i.e. Manning’s coefficient n) for aligned and staggered configurations, one as a function of the nondimensional spatially-averaged hydraulic radius and another as a function of relative submergence and surface area blockage factor. To account for the effects of vegetation patch alignment, an additional factor α is introduced. This work provides comprehensive datasets and models that can be used to improve the prediction of hydraulic resistance in open-channel flows with vegetation patches.

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Hydraulic resistance of artificial vegetation patches in aligned and staggered configurations

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