Abstract
Coffee is associated with a lower risk of cancer, cardiovascular disease, and type 2 diabetes at the population level. However, individual susceptibility to the effects of coffee consumption will cause heterogeneity in health responses between individuals. In this critical review determinants of inter‐individual variability in cancer and cardiometabolic health outcomes in response to coffee and caffeine consumption are systematically evaluated.
Methods and resultsEmbase and MEDLINE are searched for observational studies and clinical trials that examined variation in the response to coffee consumption. A total of 74 studies meet the inclusion criteria, which report variation in cancer (n = 24) and cardiometabolic health (n = 50) outcomes. The qualitative analysis shows that sex, BMI, smoking, alcohol intake, menopausal status, and genetic polymorphisms are probable or possible determinants of inter‐individual variability in cancer and cardiometabolic health outcomes in response to coffee and caffeine consumption, albeit the majority of studies have insufficient statistical power to detect significant interaction between these factors and coffee consumption.
ConclusionSeveral genetic and non‐genetic determinants of inter‐individual variability in the responses to coffee and caffeine consumption are identified, indicating that some of the health benefits of coffee may only occur in a subgroup of subjects.
Original language | English |
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Article number | e1900479 |
Number of pages | 22 |
Journal | Molecular Nutrition & Food Research |
Volume | 64 |
Issue number | 7 |
Early online date | 4 Mar 2020 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 1 Apr 2020 |
Bibliographical note
Funding SourcesNone declared.
Conflict of Interest
None declared.
Author Contributions
E.V. and B.d.R. designed the study. E.V. created the search strategy under the supervision of B.d.R.E.V. and B.d.R. conducted the literature search, evaluated articles, and interpreted the data. E.V. drafted the manuscriptand B.d.R and J.M.G. reviewed and revised the article.
Keywords
- Coffee
- Caffeine
- Inter-individual variation
- Biological responsiveness
- Nutrigenomics
- caffeine
- coffee
- biological responsiveness
- nutrigenomics
- inter-individual variation
- C-REACTIVE PROTEIN
- JAPANESE MEN
- MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION
- GAMMA-GLUTAMYL-TRANSFERASE
- CHLOROGENIC ACIDS
- POSTMENOPAUSAL BREAST-CANCER
- GREEN TEA CONSUMPTION
- 5178 C/A POLYMORPHISM
- INSULIN-RESISTANCE
- SERUM LIVER-ENZYMES