Abstract
Concern has been expressed about including a cost attribute within discrete choice experiments (DCEs) when individuals do not have to pay at the point of consumption. We use eye tracking to investigate attention to cost when valuing publicly financed health care. 104 individuals completed a DCE concerned with preferences for UK general practitioner (GP) appointments: 51 responded to a DCE with cost included and 53 to the same DCE without cost. Eye-movements were tracked whilst respondents completed the DCE. We assessed if respondents pay attention to cost. We then compare fixation time on attributes, eye movement patterns and mental effort across the experimental groups. Results are encouraging for the inclusion of cost in DCEs valuing publicly provided healthcare. Most respondents gave visual attention to the cost attribute most of the time. Average fixation time on multi-attribute tasks increased by 44% in the cost DCE, with attention to non-monetary attributes increasing by 22%. Including cost led to more structured decision-making and did not increase mental effort. Acceptability of the cost attribute and difficulty of choice tasks were predictors of cost information processing, highlighting the importance of both motivating the cost attribute and considering difficulty of the tasks when developing DCEs.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 1101-1119 |
Number of pages | 19 |
Journal | Health Economics |
Volume | 32 |
Issue number | 5 |
Early online date | 3 Feb 2023 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - May 2023 |
Bibliographical note
The University of Aberdeen and the Chief Scientist Office of the Scottish Government Health and Social Care Directorates fund the Health Economics Research Unit (HERU). We thank all participants who took part in the study, Alison Findlay for help with data collection, HESG participants, the editor, anonymous reviewers, and Dr Frouke Hermens for helpful comments and suggestions on the paper. The information and views set out in the article are those of the authors.Data Availability Statement
The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.Keywords
- Cost Information processing
- Discrete choice experiment
- Eye-tracking
- Multiattribute choices