Life expectancy of different ethnic groups using death records linked to population census data for 4.62 million people in Scotland

Laurence Gruer; Genevieve Cezard; Esta Clark; Anne Douglas; Markus Steiner; Andrew Millard; Duncan Buchanan; Srinivasa Vittal Katikireddi; Aziz Sheikh; Raj Bhopal

doi:10.1136/jech-2016-207426

Life expectancy of different ethnic groups using death records linked to population census data for 4.62 million people in Scotland

Laurence Gruer^*, Genevieve Cezard, Esta Clark, Anne Douglas, Markus Steiner, Andrew Millard, Duncan Buchanan, Srinivasa Vittal Katikireddi, Aziz Sheikh, Raj Bhopal

^*Corresponding author for this work

Applied Health Sciences

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Abstract

Background Few countries record the data needed to estimate life expectancy by ethnic group. Such information is helpful in assessing the extent of health inequality.

Method Life tables were created using 3 years of deaths (May 2001-April 2004) linked to Scottish 2001 Census data for 4.62 million individuals with self-reported ethnicity. We created 8 ethnic groups based on the census definitions, each with at least 5000 individuals and 40 deaths. Life expectancy at birth was calculated using the revised Chiang method.

Results The life expectancy of White Scottish males at birth was 74.7 years (95% CI 74.6 to 74.8), similar to Mixed Background (73.0; 70.2 to 75.8) and White Irish (75.0; 74.0 to 75.9), but shorter than Indian (80.9; 78.4 to 83.4), Pakistani (79.3; 76.9 to 81.6), Chinese (79.0; 76.5 to 81.5), Other White British (78.9; 78.6 to 79.2) and Other White (77.2; 76.4 to 78.1). The life expectancy of White Scottish females was 79.4 years (79.3 to 79.5), similar to mixed background (79.3; 76.6 to 82.0), but shorter than Pakistani (84.6; 82.0 to 87.3), Chinese (83.4; 81.1 to 85.7), Indian (83.3; 80.7 to 85.9), Other White British (82.6; 82.3 to 82.9), other White (82.0; 81.3 to 82.8) and White Irish (81; 80.2 to 81.8).

Conclusions Males and females in most of the larger ethnic minority groups in Scotland have longer life expectancies than the majority White Scottish population.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1251-1254
Number of pages	4
Journal	Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health
Volume	70
Issue number	12
Early online date	29 Jul 2016
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1136/jech-2016-207426
Publication status	Published - Dec 2016

Keywords

IMMIGRANTS
MORTALITY
DISEASE
COHORT

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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Life expectancy of different ethnic groups using death records linked to population census data for 4.62 million people in Scotland
This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt and build upon this work, for commercial use, provided the original work is properly cited. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
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Gruer, L., Cezard, G., Clark, E., Douglas, A., Steiner, M., Millard, A., Buchanan, D., Katikireddi, S. V., Sheikh, A., & Bhopal, R. (2016). Life expectancy of different ethnic groups using death records linked to population census data for 4.62 million people in Scotland. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 70(12), 1251-1254. https://doi.org/10.1136/jech-2016-207426

Gruer, L, Cezard, G, Clark, E, Douglas, A, Steiner, M, Millard, A, Buchanan, D, Katikireddi, SV, Sheikh, A & Bhopal, R 2016, 'Life expectancy of different ethnic groups using death records linked to population census data for 4.62 million people in Scotland', Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, vol. 70, no. 12, pp. 1251-1254. https://doi.org/10.1136/jech-2016-207426

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title = "Life expectancy of different ethnic groups using death records linked to population census data for 4.62 million people in Scotland",

abstract = "Background Few countries record the data needed to estimate life expectancy by ethnic group. Such information is helpful in assessing the extent of health inequality.Method Life tables were created using 3 years of deaths (May 2001-April 2004) linked to Scottish 2001 Census data for 4.62 million individuals with self-reported ethnicity. We created 8 ethnic groups based on the census definitions, each with at least 5000 individuals and 40 deaths. Life expectancy at birth was calculated using the revised Chiang method.Results The life expectancy of White Scottish males at birth was 74.7 years (95% CI 74.6 to 74.8), similar to Mixed Background (73.0; 70.2 to 75.8) and White Irish (75.0; 74.0 to 75.9), but shorter than Indian (80.9; 78.4 to 83.4), Pakistani (79.3; 76.9 to 81.6), Chinese (79.0; 76.5 to 81.5), Other White British (78.9; 78.6 to 79.2) and Other White (77.2; 76.4 to 78.1). The life expectancy of White Scottish females was 79.4 years (79.3 to 79.5), similar to mixed background (79.3; 76.6 to 82.0), but shorter than Pakistani (84.6; 82.0 to 87.3), Chinese (83.4; 81.1 to 85.7), Indian (83.3; 80.7 to 85.9), Other White British (82.6; 82.3 to 82.9), other White (82.0; 81.3 to 82.8) and White Irish (81; 80.2 to 81.8).Conclusions Males and females in most of the larger ethnic minority groups in Scotland have longer life expectancies than the majority White Scottish population.",

keywords = "IMMIGRANTS, MORTALITY, DISEASE, COHORT",

author = "Laurence Gruer and Genevieve Cezard and Esta Clark and Anne Douglas and Markus Steiner and Andrew Millard and Duncan Buchanan and Katikireddi, {Srinivasa Vittal} and Aziz Sheikh and Raj Bhopal",

note = "Funding This work was supported by the Scottish Chief Scientist's Office (grant number CZH/4/878) and Cancer Research UK (grant number C3743/A16594) with supplementary funding from NHS Health Scotland. NHS National Services Scotland and National Records of Scotland made {\textquoteleft}in-house{\textquoteright} contributions to the work. SVK is funded by a NRS Scottish Senior Clinical Fellowship (SCAF/15/02), the Medical Research Council (MC_UU_12017/13) and the Chief Scientist's Office (SPHSU13). ",

year = "2016",

month = dec,

doi = "10.1136/jech-2016-207426",

language = "English",

volume = "70",

pages = "1251--1254",

journal = "Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health",

issn = "0143-005X",

publisher = "BMJ Publishing Group",

number = "12",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Life expectancy of different ethnic groups using death records linked to population census data for 4.62 million people in Scotland

AU - Gruer, Laurence

AU - Cezard, Genevieve

AU - Clark, Esta

AU - Douglas, Anne

AU - Steiner, Markus

AU - Millard, Andrew

AU - Buchanan, Duncan

AU - Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal

AU - Sheikh, Aziz

AU - Bhopal, Raj

N1 - Funding This work was supported by the Scottish Chief Scientist's Office (grant number CZH/4/878) and Cancer Research UK (grant number C3743/A16594) with supplementary funding from NHS Health Scotland. NHS National Services Scotland and National Records of Scotland made ‘in-house’ contributions to the work. SVK is funded by a NRS Scottish Senior Clinical Fellowship (SCAF/15/02), the Medical Research Council (MC_UU_12017/13) and the Chief Scientist's Office (SPHSU13).

PY - 2016/12

Y1 - 2016/12

N2 - Background Few countries record the data needed to estimate life expectancy by ethnic group. Such information is helpful in assessing the extent of health inequality.Method Life tables were created using 3 years of deaths (May 2001-April 2004) linked to Scottish 2001 Census data for 4.62 million individuals with self-reported ethnicity. We created 8 ethnic groups based on the census definitions, each with at least 5000 individuals and 40 deaths. Life expectancy at birth was calculated using the revised Chiang method.Results The life expectancy of White Scottish males at birth was 74.7 years (95% CI 74.6 to 74.8), similar to Mixed Background (73.0; 70.2 to 75.8) and White Irish (75.0; 74.0 to 75.9), but shorter than Indian (80.9; 78.4 to 83.4), Pakistani (79.3; 76.9 to 81.6), Chinese (79.0; 76.5 to 81.5), Other White British (78.9; 78.6 to 79.2) and Other White (77.2; 76.4 to 78.1). The life expectancy of White Scottish females was 79.4 years (79.3 to 79.5), similar to mixed background (79.3; 76.6 to 82.0), but shorter than Pakistani (84.6; 82.0 to 87.3), Chinese (83.4; 81.1 to 85.7), Indian (83.3; 80.7 to 85.9), Other White British (82.6; 82.3 to 82.9), other White (82.0; 81.3 to 82.8) and White Irish (81; 80.2 to 81.8).Conclusions Males and females in most of the larger ethnic minority groups in Scotland have longer life expectancies than the majority White Scottish population.

AB - Background Few countries record the data needed to estimate life expectancy by ethnic group. Such information is helpful in assessing the extent of health inequality.Method Life tables were created using 3 years of deaths (May 2001-April 2004) linked to Scottish 2001 Census data for 4.62 million individuals with self-reported ethnicity. We created 8 ethnic groups based on the census definitions, each with at least 5000 individuals and 40 deaths. Life expectancy at birth was calculated using the revised Chiang method.Results The life expectancy of White Scottish males at birth was 74.7 years (95% CI 74.6 to 74.8), similar to Mixed Background (73.0; 70.2 to 75.8) and White Irish (75.0; 74.0 to 75.9), but shorter than Indian (80.9; 78.4 to 83.4), Pakistani (79.3; 76.9 to 81.6), Chinese (79.0; 76.5 to 81.5), Other White British (78.9; 78.6 to 79.2) and Other White (77.2; 76.4 to 78.1). The life expectancy of White Scottish females was 79.4 years (79.3 to 79.5), similar to mixed background (79.3; 76.6 to 82.0), but shorter than Pakistani (84.6; 82.0 to 87.3), Chinese (83.4; 81.1 to 85.7), Indian (83.3; 80.7 to 85.9), Other White British (82.6; 82.3 to 82.9), other White (82.0; 81.3 to 82.8) and White Irish (81; 80.2 to 81.8).Conclusions Males and females in most of the larger ethnic minority groups in Scotland have longer life expectancies than the majority White Scottish population.

KW - IMMIGRANTS

KW - MORTALITY

KW - DISEASE

KW - COHORT

U2 - 10.1136/jech-2016-207426

DO - 10.1136/jech-2016-207426

M3 - Article

VL - 70

SP - 1251

EP - 1254

JO - Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health

JF - Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health

SN - 0143-005X

IS - 12

ER -

Life expectancy of different ethnic groups using death records linked to population census data for 4.62 million people in Scotland

Abstract

Keywords

UN SDGs

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