MRI and the distribution of bone marrow fat in hip osteoarthritis

Jennifer S Gregory; Rebecca J Barr; Victor Varela; Trevor S Ahearn; Jennifer Lee Gardiner; Fiona J Gilbert; Thomas W Redpath; James D Hutchison; Richard M Aspden

doi:10.1002/jmri.25318

MRI and the distribution of bone marrow fat in hip osteoarthritis

Jennifer S Gregory, Rebecca J Barr, Victor Varela, Trevor S Ahearn, Jennifer Lee Gardiner, Fiona J Gilbert, Thomas W Redpath, James D Hutchison, Richard M Aspden

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Abstract

Purpose

To characterize the distribution of bone marrow fat in hip osteoarthritis (OA) using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and to assess its use as a potential biomarker.

Materials and Methods

In all, 67 subjects (39 female, 28 male) with either total hip replacement (THA) or different severities of radiographic OA, assessed by Kellgren–Lawrence grading (KLG), underwent 3T MRI of the pelvis using the IDEAL sequence to separate fat and water signals. Six regions of interest (ROIs) were identified within the proximal femur. Within each ROI the fractional-fat distribution, represented by pixel intensities, was described by its mean, standard deviation, skewness, kurtosis, and entropy.ResultsHips were graded: 12 as severe symptomatic (THA), 33 had KLG0 or 1, 9 were KLG2, 11 with KLG3, and 2 with KLG4 were analyzed together. The fractional-fat content in the whole proximal femur did not vary with severity in males (mean (SD) 91.2 (6.0)%) but reduced with severity in females from 89.1 (6.7)% (KLG0,1), 91.5 (2.9)% (KLG2), 85.8 (16.7)% (KLG3,4) to 77.5 (11.9)% (THA) (analysis of variance [ANOVA] P = 0.029). These differences were most pronounced in the femoral head, where mean values fell with OA severity in both sexes from 97.9% (2.5%) (KLG0,1) to 73.0% (25.9%) (THA, P < 0.001) with the largest difference at the final stage. The standard deviation and the entropy of the distribution both increased (P < 0.001).

Conclusion

Descriptors of the fractional fat distribution varied little with the severity of OA until the most severe stage, when changes appeared mainly in the femoral head, and have, therefore, limited value as biomarkers.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	42–50
Number of pages	9
Journal	Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Volume	45
Issue number	1
Early online date	2 Jun 2016
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1002/jmri.25318
Publication status	Published - 1 Jan 2017

Keywords

osteoarthritis
hip
intramedullary fat
fractional fat content
imaging biomarker

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10.1002/jmri.25318Licence: Unspecified

Accepted Manuscript
This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Gregory, Jennifer. S., Barr, R. J., Varela, V., Ahearn, T. S., Gardiner, J. L., Gilbert, F. J., Redpath, T. W., Hutchison, J. D. and Aspden, R. M. (2017), MRI and the distribution of bone marrow fat in hip osteoarthritis. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging, 45: 42–50, which has been published in final form at doi:10.1002/jmri.25318. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving.
Accepted author manuscript, 524 KBLicence: Unspecified

Jenny Gregory
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences & Nutrition, Medical Education - Lecturer (Scholarship)
- Aberdeen Centre for Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Health (ACAMH)
Person: Academic Related - Scholarship

Cite this

@article{a8442eae8d31409c8f80424d408f5c1b,

title = "MRI and the distribution of bone marrow fat in hip osteoarthritis",

abstract = "PurposeTo characterize the distribution of bone marrow fat in hip osteoarthritis (OA) using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and to assess its use as a potential biomarker.Materials and MethodsIn all, 67 subjects (39 female, 28 male) with either total hip replacement (THA) or different severities of radiographic OA, assessed by Kellgren–Lawrence grading (KLG), underwent 3T MRI of the pelvis using the IDEAL sequence to separate fat and water signals. Six regions of interest (ROIs) were identified within the proximal femur. Within each ROI the fractional-fat distribution, represented by pixel intensities, was described by its mean, standard deviation, skewness, kurtosis, and entropy.ResultsHips were graded: 12 as severe symptomatic (THA), 33 had KLG0 or 1, 9 were KLG2, 11 with KLG3, and 2 with KLG4 were analyzed together. The fractional-fat content in the whole proximal femur did not vary with severity in males (mean (SD) 91.2 (6.0)%) but reduced with severity in females from 89.1 (6.7)% (KLG0,1), 91.5 (2.9)% (KLG2), 85.8 (16.7)% (KLG3,4) to 77.5 (11.9)% (THA) (analysis of variance [ANOVA] P = 0.029). These differences were most pronounced in the femoral head, where mean values fell with OA severity in both sexes from 97.9% (2.5%) (KLG0,1) to 73.0% (25.9%) (THA, P < 0.001) with the largest difference at the final stage. The standard deviation and the entropy of the distribution both increased (P < 0.001).ConclusionDescriptors of the fractional fat distribution varied little with the severity of OA until the most severe stage, when changes appeared mainly in the femoral head, and have, therefore, limited value as biomarkers.",

keywords = "osteoarthritis, hip, intramedullary fat, fractional fat content, imaging biomarker",

author = "Gregory, {Jennifer S} and Barr, {Rebecca J} and Victor Varela and Ahearn, {Trevor S} and Gardiner, {Jennifer Lee} and Gilbert, {Fiona J} and Redpath, {Thomas W} and Hutchison, {James D} and Aspden, {Richard M}",

note = "Grant support This study was supported by an award (Ref: WHMSB-AU119) from the Translational Medicine Research Collaboration – a consortium made up of the Universities of Aberdeen, Dundee, Edinburgh and Glasgow, the four associated NHS Health Boards (Grampian, Tayside, Lothian and Greater Glasgow & Clyde), Scottish Enterprise and Wyeth. The funder played no part in the design, execution, analysis or publication of this paper. Acknowledgements We are grateful to Mrs D. Younie for kindly arranging the imaging sessions and Mrs B.MacLennan (research radiographer) for acquiring the MR images. We also thank Dr S. Galea-Soler, Dr G. Waiter, Dr.Zhiqing Wu, and Dr K. Yoshida for Kellgren-Lawrence grading, help and advice, and Mr G. Buchan for his expertise making the phantoms. ",

year = "2017",

month = jan,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1002/jmri.25318",

language = "English",

volume = "45",

pages = "42–50 ",

journal = "Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging",

issn = "1053-1807",

publisher = "John Wiley and Sons Inc.",

number = "1",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - MRI and the distribution of bone marrow fat in hip osteoarthritis

AU - Gregory, Jennifer S

AU - Barr, Rebecca J

AU - Varela, Victor

AU - Ahearn, Trevor S

AU - Gardiner, Jennifer Lee

AU - Gilbert, Fiona J

AU - Redpath, Thomas W

AU - Hutchison, James D

AU - Aspden, Richard M

N1 - Grant support This study was supported by an award (Ref: WHMSB-AU119) from the Translational Medicine Research Collaboration – a consortium made up of the Universities of Aberdeen, Dundee, Edinburgh and Glasgow, the four associated NHS Health Boards (Grampian, Tayside, Lothian and Greater Glasgow & Clyde), Scottish Enterprise and Wyeth. The funder played no part in the design, execution, analysis or publication of this paper. Acknowledgements We are grateful to Mrs D. Younie for kindly arranging the imaging sessions and Mrs B.MacLennan (research radiographer) for acquiring the MR images. We also thank Dr S. Galea-Soler, Dr G. Waiter, Dr.Zhiqing Wu, and Dr K. Yoshida for Kellgren-Lawrence grading, help and advice, and Mr G. Buchan for his expertise making the phantoms.

PY - 2017/1/1

Y1 - 2017/1/1

N2 - PurposeTo characterize the distribution of bone marrow fat in hip osteoarthritis (OA) using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and to assess its use as a potential biomarker.Materials and MethodsIn all, 67 subjects (39 female, 28 male) with either total hip replacement (THA) or different severities of radiographic OA, assessed by Kellgren–Lawrence grading (KLG), underwent 3T MRI of the pelvis using the IDEAL sequence to separate fat and water signals. Six regions of interest (ROIs) were identified within the proximal femur. Within each ROI the fractional-fat distribution, represented by pixel intensities, was described by its mean, standard deviation, skewness, kurtosis, and entropy.ResultsHips were graded: 12 as severe symptomatic (THA), 33 had KLG0 or 1, 9 were KLG2, 11 with KLG3, and 2 with KLG4 were analyzed together. The fractional-fat content in the whole proximal femur did not vary with severity in males (mean (SD) 91.2 (6.0)%) but reduced with severity in females from 89.1 (6.7)% (KLG0,1), 91.5 (2.9)% (KLG2), 85.8 (16.7)% (KLG3,4) to 77.5 (11.9)% (THA) (analysis of variance [ANOVA] P = 0.029). These differences were most pronounced in the femoral head, where mean values fell with OA severity in both sexes from 97.9% (2.5%) (KLG0,1) to 73.0% (25.9%) (THA, P < 0.001) with the largest difference at the final stage. The standard deviation and the entropy of the distribution both increased (P < 0.001).ConclusionDescriptors of the fractional fat distribution varied little with the severity of OA until the most severe stage, when changes appeared mainly in the femoral head, and have, therefore, limited value as biomarkers.

AB - PurposeTo characterize the distribution of bone marrow fat in hip osteoarthritis (OA) using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and to assess its use as a potential biomarker.Materials and MethodsIn all, 67 subjects (39 female, 28 male) with either total hip replacement (THA) or different severities of radiographic OA, assessed by Kellgren–Lawrence grading (KLG), underwent 3T MRI of the pelvis using the IDEAL sequence to separate fat and water signals. Six regions of interest (ROIs) were identified within the proximal femur. Within each ROI the fractional-fat distribution, represented by pixel intensities, was described by its mean, standard deviation, skewness, kurtosis, and entropy.ResultsHips were graded: 12 as severe symptomatic (THA), 33 had KLG0 or 1, 9 were KLG2, 11 with KLG3, and 2 with KLG4 were analyzed together. The fractional-fat content in the whole proximal femur did not vary with severity in males (mean (SD) 91.2 (6.0)%) but reduced with severity in females from 89.1 (6.7)% (KLG0,1), 91.5 (2.9)% (KLG2), 85.8 (16.7)% (KLG3,4) to 77.5 (11.9)% (THA) (analysis of variance [ANOVA] P = 0.029). These differences were most pronounced in the femoral head, where mean values fell with OA severity in both sexes from 97.9% (2.5%) (KLG0,1) to 73.0% (25.9%) (THA, P < 0.001) with the largest difference at the final stage. The standard deviation and the entropy of the distribution both increased (P < 0.001).ConclusionDescriptors of the fractional fat distribution varied little with the severity of OA until the most severe stage, when changes appeared mainly in the femoral head, and have, therefore, limited value as biomarkers.

KW - osteoarthritis

KW - hip

KW - intramedullary fat

KW - fractional fat content

KW - imaging biomarker

U2 - 10.1002/jmri.25318

DO - 10.1002/jmri.25318

M3 - Article

VL - 45

SP - 42

EP - 50

JO - Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging

JF - Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging

SN - 1053-1807

IS - 1

ER -

MRI and the distribution of bone marrow fat in hip osteoarthritis

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Keywords

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