Nutritional Content, Phytochemical Profiling, and Physical Properties of Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) Seeds for Promotion of Dietary and Food Ingredient Biodiversity

Madalina Neacsu; Shirley De Lima Sampaio; Helen E. Hayes; Gary J. Duncan; Nicholas J. Vaughan; Wendy R. Russell; Vassilios Raikos

doi:10.3390/crops2030021

Nutritional Content, Phytochemical Profiling, and Physical Properties of Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) Seeds for Promotion of Dietary and Food Ingredient Biodiversity

Madalina Neacsu^* (Corresponding Author), Shirley De Lima Sampaio, Helen E. Hayes, Gary J. Duncan, Nicholas J. Vaughan, Wendy R. Russell, Vassilios Raikos

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

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Abstract

The adoption of food crops as a source of dietary macro- and micro-nutrients is a sustainable way to promote diet biodiversity and health while being respectful to the environment. The aim of this work was to comprehensively characterize the nutrient and phytochemical content of buckwheat seeds (Fagopyrum esculentum) and assess their physical properties for the evaluation of their suitability as food ingredients. The buckwheat samples were found to be complete sources of amino acids (UPLC-TUV analysis), with a protein content between 11.71 ± 0.40% and 14.13 ± 0.50% (Vario Max CN analysis), and a source of insoluble fiber with 11.05 ± 0.25 %, in the UK hulled samples (GC analysis). The buckwheat samples were rich in phosphorus, manganese, molybdenum, zinc, magnesium, and selenium (ICP-MS analysis). A total of 196 plant metabolites were detected using HPLC and LCMS analysis, with anthocyanidins (pelargonidin and cyanidin) being the most abundant phenolic molecules that were measured in all the buckwheat samples. Removing the hull was beneficial for increasing the powder bulk density, whereas the hulled buckwheat samples were more easily rehydrated. The implementation of buckwheat as a staple food crop has enormous potential for the food industry, human nutrition, and diet diversification and could contribute towards meeting the daily recommendation for dietary fiber, essential amino acids, and minerals in Western-style diet countries such as the UK.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	287-305
Number of pages	19
Journal	Crops
Volume	2
Issue number	3
Early online date	29 Aug 2022
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3390/crops2030021
Publication status	Published - 1 Sept 2022

Bibliographical note

Acknowledgments: The authors would like to thank to Donna Henderson, Lynn Pirie, and Jodie Park, from the Rowett Institute Analytical Department for doing the proximate, amino acid, and ICPMS analysis; and to the funders: Scottish Government′s Rural and Environment Science and Analytical Services Division (RESAS) and Ministério da Educação Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior Brazil (CAPES).
Funding: This research was funded by the Scottish Government′s Rural and Environment Science and Analytical Services Division (RESAS) as part of the Strategic Research Programme 2016–2021 Crops 2022, 2, 3 303 and Ministério da Educação Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior–CAPES, Brazil.

Keywords

buckwheat
Fagopyrum esculentum
hulls
NSP
plant protein
amino acids
minerals
plant secondary metabolites
dietary biodiversity

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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Nutritional Content, Phytochemical Profiling, and Physical Properties of Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) Seeds for Promotion of Dietary and Food Ingredient Biodiversity. / Neacsu, Madalina (Corresponding Author); De Lima Sampaio, Shirley; Hayes, Helen E. et al.
In: Crops, Vol. 2, No. 3, 01.09.2022, p. 287-305.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

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title = "Nutritional Content, Phytochemical Profiling, and Physical Properties of Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) Seeds for Promotion of Dietary and Food Ingredient Biodiversity",

abstract = "The adoption of food crops as a source of dietary macro- and micro-nutrients is a sustainable way to promote diet biodiversity and health while being respectful to the environment. The aim of this work was to comprehensively characterize the nutrient and phytochemical content of buckwheat seeds (Fagopyrum esculentum) and assess their physical properties for the evaluation of their suitability as food ingredients. The buckwheat samples were found to be complete sources of amino acids (UPLC-TUV analysis), with a protein content between 11.71 ± 0.40% and 14.13 ± 0.50% (Vario Max CN analysis), and a source of insoluble fiber with 11.05 ± 0.25 %, in the UK hulled samples (GC analysis). The buckwheat samples were rich in phosphorus, manganese, molybdenum, zinc, magnesium, and selenium (ICP-MS analysis). A total of 196 plant metabolites were detected using HPLC and LCMS analysis, with anthocyanidins (pelargonidin and cyanidin) being the most abundant phenolic molecules that were measured in all the buckwheat samples. Removing the hull was beneficial for increasing the powder bulk density, whereas the hulled buckwheat samples were more easily rehydrated. The implementation of buckwheat as a staple food crop has enormous potential for the food industry, human nutrition, and diet diversification and could contribute towards meeting the daily recommendation for dietary fiber, essential amino acids, and minerals in Western-style diet countries such as the UK.",

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author = "Madalina Neacsu and {De Lima Sampaio}, Shirley and Hayes, {Helen E.} and Duncan, {Gary J.} and Vaughan, {Nicholas J.} and Russell, {Wendy R.} and Vassilios Raikos",

note = "Acknowledgments: The authors would like to thank to Donna Henderson, Lynn Pirie, and Jodie Park, from the Rowett Institute Analytical Department for doing the proximate, amino acid, and ICPMS analysis; and to the funders: Scottish Government′s Rural and Environment Science and Analytical Services Division (RESAS) and Minist{\'e}rio da Educa{\c c}{\~a}o Coordena{\c c}{\~a}o de Aperfei{\c c}oamento de Pessoal de N{\'i}vel Superior Brazil (CAPES). Funding: This research was funded by the Scottish Government′s Rural and Environment Science and Analytical Services Division (RESAS) as part of the Strategic Research Programme 2016–2021 Crops 2022, 2, 3 303 and Minist{\'e}rio da Educa{\c c}{\~a}o Coordena{\c c}{\~a}o de Aperfei{\c c}oamento de Pessoal de N{\'i}vel Superior–CAPES, Brazil.",

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AU - De Lima Sampaio, Shirley

AU - Hayes, Helen E.

AU - Duncan, Gary J.

AU - Vaughan, Nicholas J.

AU - Russell, Wendy R.

AU - Raikos, Vassilios

N1 - Acknowledgments: The authors would like to thank to Donna Henderson, Lynn Pirie, and Jodie Park, from the Rowett Institute Analytical Department for doing the proximate, amino acid, and ICPMS analysis; and to the funders: Scottish Government′s Rural and Environment Science and Analytical Services Division (RESAS) and Ministério da Educação Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior Brazil (CAPES). Funding: This research was funded by the Scottish Government′s Rural and Environment Science and Analytical Services Division (RESAS) as part of the Strategic Research Programme 2016–2021 Crops 2022, 2, 3 303 and Ministério da Educação Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior–CAPES, Brazil.

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N2 - The adoption of food crops as a source of dietary macro- and micro-nutrients is a sustainable way to promote diet biodiversity and health while being respectful to the environment. The aim of this work was to comprehensively characterize the nutrient and phytochemical content of buckwheat seeds (Fagopyrum esculentum) and assess their physical properties for the evaluation of their suitability as food ingredients. The buckwheat samples were found to be complete sources of amino acids (UPLC-TUV analysis), with a protein content between 11.71 ± 0.40% and 14.13 ± 0.50% (Vario Max CN analysis), and a source of insoluble fiber with 11.05 ± 0.25 %, in the UK hulled samples (GC analysis). The buckwheat samples were rich in phosphorus, manganese, molybdenum, zinc, magnesium, and selenium (ICP-MS analysis). A total of 196 plant metabolites were detected using HPLC and LCMS analysis, with anthocyanidins (pelargonidin and cyanidin) being the most abundant phenolic molecules that were measured in all the buckwheat samples. Removing the hull was beneficial for increasing the powder bulk density, whereas the hulled buckwheat samples were more easily rehydrated. The implementation of buckwheat as a staple food crop has enormous potential for the food industry, human nutrition, and diet diversification and could contribute towards meeting the daily recommendation for dietary fiber, essential amino acids, and minerals in Western-style diet countries such as the UK.

AB - The adoption of food crops as a source of dietary macro- and micro-nutrients is a sustainable way to promote diet biodiversity and health while being respectful to the environment. The aim of this work was to comprehensively characterize the nutrient and phytochemical content of buckwheat seeds (Fagopyrum esculentum) and assess their physical properties for the evaluation of their suitability as food ingredients. The buckwheat samples were found to be complete sources of amino acids (UPLC-TUV analysis), with a protein content between 11.71 ± 0.40% and 14.13 ± 0.50% (Vario Max CN analysis), and a source of insoluble fiber with 11.05 ± 0.25 %, in the UK hulled samples (GC analysis). The buckwheat samples were rich in phosphorus, manganese, molybdenum, zinc, magnesium, and selenium (ICP-MS analysis). A total of 196 plant metabolites were detected using HPLC and LCMS analysis, with anthocyanidins (pelargonidin and cyanidin) being the most abundant phenolic molecules that were measured in all the buckwheat samples. Removing the hull was beneficial for increasing the powder bulk density, whereas the hulled buckwheat samples were more easily rehydrated. The implementation of buckwheat as a staple food crop has enormous potential for the food industry, human nutrition, and diet diversification and could contribute towards meeting the daily recommendation for dietary fiber, essential amino acids, and minerals in Western-style diet countries such as the UK.

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KW - Fagopyrum esculentum

KW - hulls

KW - NSP

KW - plant protein

KW - amino acids

KW - minerals

KW - plant secondary metabolites

KW - dietary biodiversity

U2 - 10.3390/crops2030021

DO - 10.3390/crops2030021

M3 - Article

SN - 2673-7655

VL - 2

SP - 287

EP - 305

JO - Crops

JF - Crops

IS - 3

ER -

Nutritional Content, Phytochemical Profiling, and Physical Properties of Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) Seeds for Promotion of Dietary and Food Ingredient Biodiversity

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

UN SDGs

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