Pregnancy rates and outcomes amongst women with cystic fibrosis in the UK: comparisons with the general population before and after the introduction of disease modifying treatment, 2003-17

Oluwaseun Esan* (Corresponding Author), Daniela K. Schlüter, Rhiannon Phillips, Rebecca Cosgriff, Shantini Paranjothy, Denitza Williams, Rachel Norman, Siobhán B Carr, Jamie Duckers, David Taylor-Robinson

*Corresponding author for this work

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Abstract

Objective To compare pregnancy rates and outcomes for women with cystic fibrosis in the UK with the general population and assess the effect of introduction of disease modifying treatment. Design A population-based longitudinal study, 2003-17Setting United Kingdom Population Women aged 15-44 years in the UK CF Registry compared to women in England and Wales. Methods We calculated pregnancy and live birth rates for the CF and England and Wales (E&W) populations. For women with CF we compared pregnancy rates before and after ivacaftor was introduced in 2013. We further used CF registry data to assess pregnancy outcomes for mothers with CF, and to assess the relationship between maternal pre-pregnancy lung function and nutritional status and child gestational age. Main outcome measures Pregnancy and live birth rates; and child gestational age. Results Of 3,831 women with CF, 661 reported 818 pregnancies. Compared E&W the pregnancy rate was 3.3 times lower in the CF population (23.5 vs. 77.7 per 1,000 women years); the live birth rate was 3.5 times lower (17.4 vs. 61.4 per 1,000 women years) with 70% of pregnancies in CF women resulting in live births; abortion rates were also lower (9% vs. 22%). Pregnancy rates increased post-ivacaftor for eligible women with CF, from 29.7 to 45.7 per 1,000 women years. There was no association between pre-pregnancy lung function/nutrition status and gestational age. Conclusions Pregnancy rates in women with CF are about a third of the rates in E&W with favourable outcomes, and increased for eligible women post-ivacaftor.
Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)743-751
Number of pages9
JournalBJOG-An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology
Volume129
Issue number5
Early online date8 Nov 2021
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Apr 2022

Bibliographical note

Acknowledgements
We thank the UK CF Registry team and the UK CF centres and clinics for submitting data to the Registry. Special thanks to the people with cystic fibrosis and their families who have agreed for their UK CF Registry data to be used for research.

Funding
The study was funded by a Welsh Government Research for Patient and Public Benefit grant. The funder was not involved in the study design, data collection, data analysis, data interpretation or the writing of the report. DT-R is funded by the MRC on a Clinician Scientist Fellowship (MR/P008577/1).

Data Availability Statement

Supporting Information
Additional supporting information may be found online in the Supporting Information section at the end of the article.

Keywords

  • Cystic fibrosis
  • Pregnancy
  • Epidemiology
  • cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator modulator
  • ivacaftor epidemiology

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