Pro-Saccades Predict Cognitive Decline in Parkinson's Disease: ICICLE-PD

Samuel Stuart; Rachael A. Lawson; Alison J. Yarnall; Jeremy Nell; Lisa Alcock; Gordon W. Duncan; Tien K. Khoo; Roger A. Barker; Lynn Rochester; David J. Burn; ICICLE-PD study group

doi:10.1002/mds.27813

Pro-Saccades Predict Cognitive Decline in Parkinson's Disease: ICICLE-PD

Samuel Stuart, Rachael A. Lawson, Alison J. Yarnall, Jeremy Nell, Lisa Alcock, Gordon W. Duncan, Tien K. Khoo, Roger A. Barker, Lynn Rochester, David J. Burn^*, ICICLE-PD study group

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

20 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Background

Cumulative dementia incidence in Parkinson's disease (PD) is significant, with major personal and socioeconomic impacts on individuals with PD and their carers. Early identification of dementia risk is vital to ensuring optimal intervention. Saccadic deficits often distinguish neurodegenerative disorders and cognitive impairment, but their ability to predict cognitive decline in PD has yet to be determined. The aims of this study were to (1) evaluate baseline (6.4 ± 6.1 months since PD diagnosis) differences in pro‐saccadic metrics between those with early PD and healthy age‐matched adults; and (2) assess the ability of baseline pro‐saccades to predict subsequent cognitive decline over 4.5 years.

Methods

One hundred and forty‐one PD and 90 age‐matched participants recruited at diagnosis underwent saccadometric assessment of pro‐saccades at baseline and had cognition assessed at baseline, 18, 36, and 54 months. Pro‐saccadic characteristics included latency, duration, amplitude, peak, and average velocity. Cognitive assessment included executive function, attention, fluctuating attention, and memory. Linear mixed‐effects models examined pro‐saccadic metrics as predictors of cognitive decline over 54 months.

Results

Pro‐saccades were significantly impaired at baseline in PD compared with controls. Pro‐saccadic characteristics of latency, duration, peak, and average velocity predicted decline in global cognition, executive function, attention, and memory over 54 months in PD. In addition, only reduction in global cognition and attention were predicted by pro‐saccadic metrics in age‐matched adults, indicating that PD findings were not purely age related.

Conclusions

Saccadic characteristics are impaired in early PD and are predictive of cognitive decline in several domains. Assessment of saccades may provide a useful non‐invasive biomarker for long‐term PD cognitive decline in early disease. © 2019 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1690-1698
Number of pages	9
Journal	Movement Disorders
Volume	34
Issue number	11
Early online date	23 Aug 2019
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.27813
Publication status	Published - 1 Nov 2019

Bibliographical note

Funding agencies: This work was funded by grants from Parkinson’s UK (J-0802, G-1301, G-1507) and Lockhart Parkinson’s Disease Research Fund. The research was supported by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Newcastle Biomedical Research Unit based at Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Newcastle University and an NIHR Biomedical Research Centre award to the University of Cambridge/Addenbrooke’s Hospital.

Keywords

biomarker
cognition
dementia
Parkinson's disease
saccades
EYE-MOVEMENT
REFLEXIVE SACCADES
IMPAIRMENT
VOLUNTARY
ATTENTION
DEMENTIA
DEFICITS
MOTOR
ANTISACCADES
SACCADOMETRY

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@article{d020e3d0c2184d199e4819c712c38baa,

title = "Pro-Saccades Predict Cognitive Decline in Parkinson's Disease: ICICLE-PD",

abstract = "BackgroundCumulative dementia incidence in Parkinson's disease (PD) is significant, with major personal and socioeconomic impacts on individuals with PD and their carers. Early identification of dementia risk is vital to ensuring optimal intervention. Saccadic deficits often distinguish neurodegenerative disorders and cognitive impairment, but their ability to predict cognitive decline in PD has yet to be determined. The aims of this study were to (1) evaluate baseline (6.4 ± 6.1 months since PD diagnosis) differences in pro‐saccadic metrics between those with early PD and healthy age‐matched adults; and (2) assess the ability of baseline pro‐saccades to predict subsequent cognitive decline over 4.5 years.MethodsOne hundred and forty‐one PD and 90 age‐matched participants recruited at diagnosis underwent saccadometric assessment of pro‐saccades at baseline and had cognition assessed at baseline, 18, 36, and 54 months. Pro‐saccadic characteristics included latency, duration, amplitude, peak, and average velocity. Cognitive assessment included executive function, attention, fluctuating attention, and memory. Linear mixed‐effects models examined pro‐saccadic metrics as predictors of cognitive decline over 54 months.ResultsPro‐saccades were significantly impaired at baseline in PD compared with controls. Pro‐saccadic characteristics of latency, duration, peak, and average velocity predicted decline in global cognition, executive function, attention, and memory over 54 months in PD. In addition, only reduction in global cognition and attention were predicted by pro‐saccadic metrics in age‐matched adults, indicating that PD findings were not purely age related.ConclusionsSaccadic characteristics are impaired in early PD and are predictive of cognitive decline in several domains. Assessment of saccades may provide a useful non‐invasive biomarker for long‐term PD cognitive decline in early disease. {\textcopyright} 2019 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society",

keywords = "biomarker, cognition, dementia, Parkinson's disease, saccades, EYE-MOVEMENT, REFLEXIVE SACCADES, IMPAIRMENT, VOLUNTARY, ATTENTION, DEMENTIA, DEFICITS, MOTOR, ANTISACCADES, SACCADOMETRY",

author = "Samuel Stuart and Lawson, {Rachael A.} and Yarnall, {Alison J.} and Jeremy Nell and Lisa Alcock and Duncan, {Gordon W.} and Khoo, {Tien K.} and Barker, {Roger A.} and Lynn Rochester and Burn, {David J.} and {ICICLE-PD study group} and O'Brien, {John T.} and Brooks, {David J.} and Wesnes, {Keith A.} and Robbins, {Trevor W.} and Chinnery, {Patrick F.} and Fionnuala Johnston and Claire McDonald and Isobel Sleeman and Rowe, {James B.} and Caroline Williams-Gray and David Breen and Cummins, {Gemma A.} and Jonathan Evans",

note = "Funding agencies: This work was funded by grants from Parkinson{\textquoteright}s UK (J-0802, G-1301, G-1507) and Lockhart Parkinson{\textquoteright}s Disease Research Fund. The research was supported by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Newcastle Biomedical Research Unit based at Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Newcastle University and an NIHR Biomedical Research Centre award to the University of Cambridge/Addenbrooke{\textquoteright}s Hospital.",

year = "2019",

month = nov,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1002/mds.27813",

language = "English",

volume = "34",

pages = "1690--1698",

journal = "Movement Disorders",

issn = "0885-3185",

publisher = "John Wiley and Sons Inc.",

number = "11",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Pro-Saccades Predict Cognitive Decline in Parkinson's Disease

T2 - ICICLE-PD

AU - Stuart, Samuel

AU - Lawson, Rachael A.

AU - Yarnall, Alison J.

AU - Nell, Jeremy

AU - Alcock, Lisa

AU - Duncan, Gordon W.

AU - Khoo, Tien K.

AU - Barker, Roger A.

AU - Rochester, Lynn

AU - Burn, David J.

AU - ICICLE-PD study group

AU - O'Brien, John T.

AU - Brooks, David J.

AU - Wesnes, Keith A.

AU - Robbins, Trevor W.

AU - Chinnery, Patrick F.

AU - Johnston, Fionnuala

AU - McDonald, Claire

AU - Sleeman, Isobel

AU - Rowe, James B.

AU - Williams-Gray, Caroline

AU - Breen, David

AU - Cummins, Gemma A.

AU - Evans, Jonathan

N1 - Funding agencies: This work was funded by grants from Parkinson’s UK (J-0802, G-1301, G-1507) and Lockhart Parkinson’s Disease Research Fund. The research was supported by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Newcastle Biomedical Research Unit based at Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Newcastle University and an NIHR Biomedical Research Centre award to the University of Cambridge/Addenbrooke’s Hospital.

PY - 2019/11/1

Y1 - 2019/11/1

N2 - BackgroundCumulative dementia incidence in Parkinson's disease (PD) is significant, with major personal and socioeconomic impacts on individuals with PD and their carers. Early identification of dementia risk is vital to ensuring optimal intervention. Saccadic deficits often distinguish neurodegenerative disorders and cognitive impairment, but their ability to predict cognitive decline in PD has yet to be determined. The aims of this study were to (1) evaluate baseline (6.4 ± 6.1 months since PD diagnosis) differences in pro‐saccadic metrics between those with early PD and healthy age‐matched adults; and (2) assess the ability of baseline pro‐saccades to predict subsequent cognitive decline over 4.5 years.MethodsOne hundred and forty‐one PD and 90 age‐matched participants recruited at diagnosis underwent saccadometric assessment of pro‐saccades at baseline and had cognition assessed at baseline, 18, 36, and 54 months. Pro‐saccadic characteristics included latency, duration, amplitude, peak, and average velocity. Cognitive assessment included executive function, attention, fluctuating attention, and memory. Linear mixed‐effects models examined pro‐saccadic metrics as predictors of cognitive decline over 54 months.ResultsPro‐saccades were significantly impaired at baseline in PD compared with controls. Pro‐saccadic characteristics of latency, duration, peak, and average velocity predicted decline in global cognition, executive function, attention, and memory over 54 months in PD. In addition, only reduction in global cognition and attention were predicted by pro‐saccadic metrics in age‐matched adults, indicating that PD findings were not purely age related.ConclusionsSaccadic characteristics are impaired in early PD and are predictive of cognitive decline in several domains. Assessment of saccades may provide a useful non‐invasive biomarker for long‐term PD cognitive decline in early disease. © 2019 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society

AB - BackgroundCumulative dementia incidence in Parkinson's disease (PD) is significant, with major personal and socioeconomic impacts on individuals with PD and their carers. Early identification of dementia risk is vital to ensuring optimal intervention. Saccadic deficits often distinguish neurodegenerative disorders and cognitive impairment, but their ability to predict cognitive decline in PD has yet to be determined. The aims of this study were to (1) evaluate baseline (6.4 ± 6.1 months since PD diagnosis) differences in pro‐saccadic metrics between those with early PD and healthy age‐matched adults; and (2) assess the ability of baseline pro‐saccades to predict subsequent cognitive decline over 4.5 years.MethodsOne hundred and forty‐one PD and 90 age‐matched participants recruited at diagnosis underwent saccadometric assessment of pro‐saccades at baseline and had cognition assessed at baseline, 18, 36, and 54 months. Pro‐saccadic characteristics included latency, duration, amplitude, peak, and average velocity. Cognitive assessment included executive function, attention, fluctuating attention, and memory. Linear mixed‐effects models examined pro‐saccadic metrics as predictors of cognitive decline over 54 months.ResultsPro‐saccades were significantly impaired at baseline in PD compared with controls. Pro‐saccadic characteristics of latency, duration, peak, and average velocity predicted decline in global cognition, executive function, attention, and memory over 54 months in PD. In addition, only reduction in global cognition and attention were predicted by pro‐saccadic metrics in age‐matched adults, indicating that PD findings were not purely age related.ConclusionsSaccadic characteristics are impaired in early PD and are predictive of cognitive decline in several domains. Assessment of saccades may provide a useful non‐invasive biomarker for long‐term PD cognitive decline in early disease. © 2019 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society

KW - biomarker

KW - cognition

KW - dementia

KW - Parkinson's disease

KW - saccades

KW - EYE-MOVEMENT

KW - REFLEXIVE SACCADES

KW - IMPAIRMENT

KW - VOLUNTARY

KW - ATTENTION

KW - DEMENTIA

KW - DEFICITS

KW - MOTOR

KW - ANTISACCADES

KW - SACCADOMETRY

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85071011997&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - https://eprints.ncl.ac.uk/258721

U2 - 10.1002/mds.27813

DO - 10.1002/mds.27813

M3 - Article

SN - 0885-3185

VL - 34

SP - 1690

EP - 1698

JO - Movement Disorders

JF - Movement Disorders

IS - 11

ER -

Pro-Saccades Predict Cognitive Decline in Parkinson's Disease: ICICLE-PD

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

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