Probabilistic Deep Learning with Adversarial Training and Volume Interval Estimation - Better Ways to Perform and Evaluate Predictive Models for White Matter Hyperintensities Evolution

Muhammad Febrian Rachmadi*, Maria del C. Valdés-Hernández, Rizal Maulana, Joanna Wardlaw, Stephen Makin, Henrik Skibbe

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceedingPublished conference contribution

Abstract

Predicting disease progression always involves a high degree of uncertainty. White matter hyperintensities (WMHs) are the main neuroradiological feature of small vessel disease and a common finding in brain scans of dementia patients and older adults. In predicting their progression previous studies have identified two main challenges: 1) uncertainty in predicting the areas/boundaries of shrinking and growing WMHs and 2) uncertainty in the estimation of future WMHs volume. This study proposes the use of a probabilistic deep learning model called Probabilistic U-Net trained with adversarial loss for capturing and modelling spatial uncertainty in brain MR images. This study also proposes an evaluation procedure named volume interval estimation (VIE) for improving the interpretation of and confidence in the predictive deep learning model. Our experiments show that the Probabilistic U-Net with adversarial training improved the performance of non-probabilistic U-Net in Dice similarity coefficient for predicting the areas of shrinking WMHs, growing WMHs, stable WMHs, and their average by up to 3.35%, 2.94%, 0.47%, and 1.03% respectively. It also improved the volume estimation by 11.84% in the “Correct Prediction in Estimated Volume Interval” metric as per the newly proposed VIE evaluation procedure.

Original languageEnglish
Title of host publicationPredictive Intelligence in Medicine, PRIME 2021
EditorsIslem Rekik, Ehsan Adeli, Sang Hyun Park, Julia Schnabel
Place of PublicationCham
PublisherSpringer
Pages168-180
Number of pages13
Volume12928
ISBN (Print)9783030876012
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2021
Event4th International Workshop on Predictive Intelligence in Medicine, PRIME 2021, held in conjunction with 24th International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention, MICCAI 2021 - Virtual, Online
Duration: 1 Oct 20211 Oct 2021

Publication series

NameLecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics)
Volume12928 LNCS
ISSN (Print)0302-9743
ISSN (Electronic)1611-3349

Conference

Conference4th International Workshop on Predictive Intelligence in Medicine, PRIME 2021, held in conjunction with 24th International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention, MICCAI 2021
CityVirtual, Online
Period1/10/211/10/21

Bibliographical note

Acknowledgements. Funds from JSPS (Kakenhi Grant-in-Aid for Research Activity Start-up, Project No. 20K23356) (MFR); Row Fogo Charitable Trust (Grant No. BROD.FID3668413) (MCVH); Wellcome Trust (patient recruitment, scanning, primary study Ref No. WT088134/Z/09/A); Fondation Leducq (Perivascular Spaces Transatlantic Network of Excellence); EU Horizon 2020 (SVDs@Target); and the MRC UK Dementia Research Institute at the University of Edinburgh (Wardlaw programme) are gratefully acknowledged. This research was also supported by the program for Brain Mapping by Integrated Neurotechnologies for Disease Studies (Brain/MINDS) from the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development AMED (JP21dm0207001).

Keywords

  • Progression prediction
  • Volume interval estimation
  • White matter hyperintensities

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