TY - JOUR
T1 - Protein Valuation in Food Choice Is Positively Associated with Lean Mass in Older Adults
AU - Buckley, Charlotte M
AU - Austin, Sophie
AU - Corfe, Bernard M
AU - Green, Mark A
AU - Johnstone, Alexandra M
AU - Stevenson, Emma J
AU - Williams, Elizabeth A
AU - Brunstrom, Jeffrey M
N1 - Acknowledgments
The authors’ responsibilities were as follows—CMB and SA: collected the data; CMB: analyzed the data; CMB and JMB: wrote the manuscript; and all authors: designed the study, interpreted the data, critically revised the manuscript, and read and approved the final manuscript.
Funded by the Research Councils UK “Priming Food Partnerships” initiative supported by BBSRC, MRC, EPSRC, and ESRC (project reference BB/P023886/1).
PY - 2019/11/1
Y1 - 2019/11/1
N2 - BACKGROUND: Calorie for calorie, protein is more satiating than carbohydrate or fat. However, it remains unclear whether humans perceive calories derived from these macronutrients equally and whether lean mass is associated with a tendency to "value" protein when dietary decisions are made.OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to determine the test-retest reliability of a novel method for quantifying macronutrient valuations in human volunteers and to determine whether "protein valuation" is associated with a higher fat-free mass index (FFMI) in older adults.METHODS: A 2-alternative, forced-choice task in which 25 foods were compared in 300 trials was undertaken in 2 studies. In study 1, participants (age range 19-71 y, n = 92) attended 2 test sessions, spaced 1 wk apart. In study 2, older adults (age range 40-85 y; n = 91) completed the food-choice task and assessed the test foods for liking, expected satiety, and perceived healthiness. Body composition and habitual protein intake were assessed in both studies. Data were analyzed through the use of individual binomial logistic regressions and multilevel binomial logistic regressions.RESULTS: In study 1, measures of macronutrient valuation showed excellent test-retest reliability; responses in the forced-choice task were highly correlated (week 1 compared with week 2; protein, r = 0.83, P < 0.001; carbohydrate, r = 0.90, P < 0.001; fat, r = 0.90, P < 0.001). Calorie for calorie, protein and carbohydrate were stronger predictors of choice than fat (P < 0.001). In study 2, protein was a stronger predictor than both carbohydrate (P = 0.039) and fat (P = 0.003), and a positive interaction was observed between protein valuation and FFMI (OR = 1.64; 95% CI: 1.38, 1.95; P < 0.001). This was the case after controlling for age, gender, liking for foods, and habitual protein consumption.CONCLUSIONS: Together, these findings demonstrate that adult humans value calories derived from protein, carbohydrate, and fat differently, and that the tendency to value protein is associated with greater lean mass in older adults.
AB - BACKGROUND: Calorie for calorie, protein is more satiating than carbohydrate or fat. However, it remains unclear whether humans perceive calories derived from these macronutrients equally and whether lean mass is associated with a tendency to "value" protein when dietary decisions are made.OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to determine the test-retest reliability of a novel method for quantifying macronutrient valuations in human volunteers and to determine whether "protein valuation" is associated with a higher fat-free mass index (FFMI) in older adults.METHODS: A 2-alternative, forced-choice task in which 25 foods were compared in 300 trials was undertaken in 2 studies. In study 1, participants (age range 19-71 y, n = 92) attended 2 test sessions, spaced 1 wk apart. In study 2, older adults (age range 40-85 y; n = 91) completed the food-choice task and assessed the test foods for liking, expected satiety, and perceived healthiness. Body composition and habitual protein intake were assessed in both studies. Data were analyzed through the use of individual binomial logistic regressions and multilevel binomial logistic regressions.RESULTS: In study 1, measures of macronutrient valuation showed excellent test-retest reliability; responses in the forced-choice task were highly correlated (week 1 compared with week 2; protein, r = 0.83, P < 0.001; carbohydrate, r = 0.90, P < 0.001; fat, r = 0.90, P < 0.001). Calorie for calorie, protein and carbohydrate were stronger predictors of choice than fat (P < 0.001). In study 2, protein was a stronger predictor than both carbohydrate (P = 0.039) and fat (P = 0.003), and a positive interaction was observed between protein valuation and FFMI (OR = 1.64; 95% CI: 1.38, 1.95; P < 0.001). This was the case after controlling for age, gender, liking for foods, and habitual protein consumption.CONCLUSIONS: Together, these findings demonstrate that adult humans value calories derived from protein, carbohydrate, and fat differently, and that the tendency to value protein is associated with greater lean mass in older adults.
KW - protein valuation
KW - sarcopenia
KW - food choice
KW - body composition
KW - fat-free mass index
KW - lean mass
KW - aging
UR - http://www.mendeley.com/research/protein-valuation-food-choice-positively-associated-lean-mass-older-adults
UR - https://abdn.pure.elsevier.com/en/en/researchoutput/protein-valuation-in-food-choice-is-positively-associated-with-lean-mass-in-older-adults(db98f06f-2aaf-4f94-b50c-22fa0700851c).html
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85074446321&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1093/jn/nxz124
DO - 10.1093/jn/nxz124
M3 - Article
C2 - 31198945
VL - 149
SP - 2056
EP - 2064
JO - The Journal of Nutrition
JF - The Journal of Nutrition
SN - 0022-3166
IS - 11
ER -