Abstract
The Late Pleistocene Lisan Formation preserved next to the Dead Sea provides exceptional 3-D exposures of folds and faults generated during soft-sediment slumping and deformation. It is possible to generate a range of four different scenarios associated with overprinting in a single slump event. The progressive evolution of slump systems may be broadly categorised into initiation, translation, cessation, relaxation and compaction phases. Thrust packages typically define piggyback sequences during slump translation, with back-steepening of imbricate faults leading to collapse of folds back up the regional palaeoslope. Detailed evaluation of slumped horizons may also permit structures to be traced across apparently separate and distinct slumped units. The recognition that slumps may be reworked by younger seismically-triggered events suggests that in some cases the seismic recurrence interval may be shorter than previously anticipated. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 433-457 |
Number of pages | 25 |
Journal | Journal of Structural Geology |
Volume | 33 |
Issue number | 4 |
Early online date | 19 Feb 2011 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - Apr 2011 |
Bibliographical note
We thank Mr. John Levy, together with the Carnegie Trust and the Royal Society of Edinburgh for travel grants to IA, and the Israel Science Foundation for grant 1539/08 to SM. We thank Xavier Fort for discussion and permission to use one of his experiments, together with the referees and editor, Nigel Woodcock and Bob Holdsworth, for careful and constructive reviews. SM would like to acknowledge the Department of Earth Sciences at Durham University for hosting him and facilitating the completion of this paper.Keywords
- Slump
- Folds
- Earthquakes
- Mass transport complexes
- Gravity-driven deformation
- Dead Sea Basin
- Sheath folds
- County Clare
- Earthquake deformations
- Flow perturbation
- Ireland
- Strain
- Zones
- Salt
- Palaeoslope
- Estimators