Study of scour around submarine pipeline with a rubber plate or rigid spoiler in wave conditions

This paper presents results from laboratory experimental model studies investigating scour by waves around a pipeline attached to
a flexible rubber plate or rigid spoiler. The rubber plate was placed between the submarine pipeline and bed, while the rigid spoiler is attached to
the top of the pipe. The scour around pipelines with and without a rubber plate or a rigid spoiler under regular and irregular waves was observed
and measured for a range of pipe sizes, wave amplitudes and frequencies, and the length of the plate/height of the spoiler. The experiments
reveal that although the rigid spoilers can enhance the scour depth and extent (thus accelerating the self-burial of the pipe), they also have significant
influence on both the upstream and downstream bed topography as sand ripples and dunes are formed. On the other hand, the rubber
plates cannot only significantly increase the scour depth but also have little effect on the upstream and downstream bed. The experiments show
that when the length of the plate is about 1.5 times the pipe size, it provides the optimum performance in terms of the largest scour depth while
restricting the impact on nearby beds for the parameters investigated in this study.