Temporal trends in pregnancy-associated stroke and its outcomes among women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy

Pensée Wu* (Corresponding Author), Kelvin P. Jordan, Carolyn A. Chew-Graham, Thais Coutinho, Gina P. Lundberg, Ki E. Park, Lucy C. Chappell, Phyo K. Myint, Angela H.E.M. Maas, Mamas A. Mamas

*Corresponding author for this work

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Abstract

Background Stroke is a serious complication of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP), with potentially severe and long-term sequelae. However, the temporal trends, predictors, and outcomes of stroke in women with HDP at delivery remain unknown. Methods and Results All HDP delivery hospitalizations with or without stroke event (ischemic, hemorrhagic, or unspecified) between 2004 and 2014 in the United States National Inpatient Sample were analyzed to examine incidence, predictors, and prognostic impact of stroke. Of 4 240 284 HDP delivery hospitalizations, 3391 (0.08%) women had stroke. While the prevalence of HDP increased over time, incident stroke rates decreased from 10 to 6 per 10 000 HDP delivery hospitalizations between 2004 and 2014. Women with stroke were increasingly multimorbid, with some risk factors being more strongly associated with ischemic strokes, including congenital heart disease, peripheral vascular disease, dyslipidemia, and sickle cell disease. Delivery complications were also associated with stroke, including cesarean section (odds ratio [OR], 1.58; 95% CI, 1.33-1.86), postpartum hemorrhage (OR, 1.91; 95% CI, 1.33-1.86), and maternal mortality (OR, 99.78; 95% CI, 59.15-168.31), independently of potential confounders. Women with stroke had longer hospital stays (median, 6 versus 3 days), higher hospital charges (median, $14 655 versus $4762), and a higher proportion of nonroutine discharge locations (38% versus 4%). Conclusions The incidence of stroke in women with HDP has declined over time. While a relatively rare event, identification of women at highest risk of ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke on admission for delivery is important to reduce long-term sequelae.

Original languageEnglish
Article numbere016182
Number of pages39
JournalJournal of the American Heart Association
Volume9
Issue number15
Early online date29 Jul 2020
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 4 Aug 2020

Bibliographical note

Funding
PW is funded by a NIHR Transitional Research Fellowship. CCG is part-funded by West Midlands ARC. LCC is funded by a NIHR Professorship (RP-2014-05-019). This paper presents independent research funded by the NIHR. The views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the NHS, the NIHR or the Department of Health and Social Care. The funders had no involvement in the conduct of this research.

Keywords

  • preeclampsia/pregnancy
  • pregnancy
  • stroke in young adults
  • UNITED-STATES
  • RISK-FACTORS
  • CARDIOMYOPATHY
  • DISEASE
  • ADULTS
  • HOSPITALIZATIONS
  • PREECLAMPSIA
  • preeclampsia
  • PERIPARTUM

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