TY - JOUR
T1 - The Effect of Aerobic and Resistance Training and Combined Exercise Modalities on Subcutaneous Abdominal Fat
T2 - A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials
AU - Yarizadeh, Habib
AU - Eftekhar, Reza
AU - Anjom-Shoae, Javad
AU - Speakman, John R
AU - Djafarian, Kurosh
N1 - The authors reported no funding received for this study.
Acknowledgments
The authors’ responsibilities were as follows—HY and KD: designed the research; HY and RE: conducted the research; HY: analyzed data; HY and JA-S: wrote the paper; KD and JRS: revised and improved the grammar; HY and KD: had primary responsibility for final content; and all authors: read and approved the final manuscript.
PY - 2021/1
Y1 - 2021/1
N2 - Subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue (SAT), is the largest fat depot and major provider of free fatty acids to the liver. Abdominal fat is indirectly (via increased levels of low-grade inflammation) correlated with many of the adverse health effects of obesity. Although exercise is one of the most prominent components of obesity management, its effects on SAT are still unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the independent effects of aerobic training (AT) and resistance training (RT) modalities and combined exercise modalities on SAT in adults. PubMed, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar were searched to find relevant publications up to November 2018. The effect sizes were represented as weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% CIs. Between-study heterogeneity was examined using the I2 test. Overall, 43 identified trials that enrolled 3552 subjects (2684 women) were included. After removal of outliers, combining effect sizes indicated a significant effect of AT (WMD: -13.05 cm2; 95% CI: -18.52, -7.57; P < 0.001), RT (WMD: -5.39 cm2; 95% CI: -9.66, -1.12; P = 0.01), and combined exercise training (CExT; WMD: -28.82 cm2; 95% CI: -30.83, -26.81; P < 0.001) on SAT relative to control groups. Pooled effect sizes demonstrated a significant effect of AT on SAT compared with a CExT group (WMD: 11.07 cm2; 95% CI: 1.81, 20.33; P = 0.01). However, when comparing the AT and RT groups, no significant difference was seen in SAT (WMD: -0.73 cm2; 95% CI: -4.50, 3.04; P = 0.70). Meta-analysis of relevant trials indicated that AT, RT, and CExT lead to SAT reduction. Aerobic exercise was shown to produce greater efficacy in decreasing SAT.
AB - Subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue (SAT), is the largest fat depot and major provider of free fatty acids to the liver. Abdominal fat is indirectly (via increased levels of low-grade inflammation) correlated with many of the adverse health effects of obesity. Although exercise is one of the most prominent components of obesity management, its effects on SAT are still unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the independent effects of aerobic training (AT) and resistance training (RT) modalities and combined exercise modalities on SAT in adults. PubMed, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar were searched to find relevant publications up to November 2018. The effect sizes were represented as weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% CIs. Between-study heterogeneity was examined using the I2 test. Overall, 43 identified trials that enrolled 3552 subjects (2684 women) were included. After removal of outliers, combining effect sizes indicated a significant effect of AT (WMD: -13.05 cm2; 95% CI: -18.52, -7.57; P < 0.001), RT (WMD: -5.39 cm2; 95% CI: -9.66, -1.12; P = 0.01), and combined exercise training (CExT; WMD: -28.82 cm2; 95% CI: -30.83, -26.81; P < 0.001) on SAT relative to control groups. Pooled effect sizes demonstrated a significant effect of AT on SAT compared with a CExT group (WMD: 11.07 cm2; 95% CI: 1.81, 20.33; P = 0.01). However, when comparing the AT and RT groups, no significant difference was seen in SAT (WMD: -0.73 cm2; 95% CI: -4.50, 3.04; P = 0.70). Meta-analysis of relevant trials indicated that AT, RT, and CExT lead to SAT reduction. Aerobic exercise was shown to produce greater efficacy in decreasing SAT.
KW - aerobic exercise
KW - resistance training
KW - combined exercise
KW - subcutaneous abdominal fat
KW - meta-analysis
KW - and meta-analysis
KW - Resistance Training
KW - Exercise
KW - Humans
KW - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
KW - Abdominal Fat
KW - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85101223215&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1093/advances/nmaa090
DO - 10.1093/advances/nmaa090
M3 - Article
C2 - 32804997
VL - 12
SP - 179
EP - 196
JO - Advances in Nutrition
JF - Advances in Nutrition
SN - 2161-8313
IS - 1
ER -
