The Firearms Protocol and the Arms Trade Treaty: Divergence or Complementarity?

Two major United Nations treaties govern illicit arms trade and trafficking
since the early twenty-first century. The Protocol against the Illicit Manufacturing
of and Trafficking in Firearms, Their Parts and Components and
Ammunition (generally known as the Firearms Protocol (FP)), adopted by
the United Nations General Assembly in May 2001, supplementing its parent
instrument, the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized
Crime (UNTOC), which entered into force in July 2005. Over a decade
later, the second instrument, the Arms Trade Treaty (ATT), was opened for
signature in June 2013, and entered into force in December 2014.