The seasonality of bipolar affective disorder: Comparison with a primary care sample using the Seasonal Pattern Assessment Questionnaire

Allen J Shand; Neil W Scott; Seonaid M Anderson; John M Eagles

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2011.02.015

The seasonality of bipolar affective disorder: Comparison with a primary care sample using the Seasonal Pattern Assessment Questionnaire

Allen J Shand, Neil W Scott, Seonaid M Anderson, John M Eagles

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

19 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Background
In contrast with recurrent unipolar depression, relatively little is known about the seasonality of depressive episodes in bipolar affective disorder (BAD).

Method
We compared responses on the Seasonal Pattern Assessment Questionnaire (SPAQ) between a cohort of 183 patients with BAD and a large sample of patients in primary care (N = 4746). Comparisons were adjusted for age and gender.

Results
27% of the BAD patients fulfilled SPAQ criteria for Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD. This gave an adjusted odds ratio of 3.73 (95% confidence intervals 2.64 to 5.27) in comparison with the rate among the primary care samples. Global seasonality scores were significantly higher among BAD patients (adjusted mean difference 1.73, 95% CI 0.97 to 2.49, p < 0.001).

Limitations
The SPAQ was originally designed as a screening instrument rather than as a case-finding instrument.

Conclusions
Vigilance for seasonal symptom recurrence in BAD may be important with regard to management and relapse prevention.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	289-292
Number of pages	4
Journal	Journal of Affective Disorders
Volume	132
Issue number	1-2
Early online date	4 Mar 2011
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2011.02.015
Publication status	Published - Jul 2011

Keywords

bipolar disorder
seasons
seasonal affective disorder
psychoeducation

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10.1016/j.jad.2011.02.015

Cite this

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title = "The seasonality of bipolar affective disorder: Comparison with a primary care sample using the Seasonal Pattern Assessment Questionnaire",

abstract = "Background In contrast with recurrent unipolar depression, relatively little is known about the seasonality of depressive episodes in bipolar affective disorder (BAD). Method We compared responses on the Seasonal Pattern Assessment Questionnaire (SPAQ) between a cohort of 183 patients with BAD and a large sample of patients in primary care (N = 4746). Comparisons were adjusted for age and gender. Results 27% of the BAD patients fulfilled SPAQ criteria for Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD. This gave an adjusted odds ratio of 3.73 (95% confidence intervals 2.64 to 5.27) in comparison with the rate among the primary care samples. Global seasonality scores were significantly higher among BAD patients (adjusted mean difference 1.73, 95% CI 0.97 to 2.49, p < 0.001). Limitations The SPAQ was originally designed as a screening instrument rather than as a case-finding instrument. Conclusions Vigilance for seasonal symptom recurrence in BAD may be important with regard to management and relapse prevention. ",

keywords = "bipolar disorder, seasons, seasonal affective disorder, psychoeducation",

author = "Shand, {Allen J} and Scott, {Neil W} and Anderson, {Seonaid M} and Eagles, {John M}",

year = "2011",

month = jul,

doi = "10.1016/j.jad.2011.02.015",

language = "English",

volume = "132",

pages = "289--292",

journal = "Journal of Affective Disorders",

publisher = "Elsevier",

number = "1-2",

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T1 - The seasonality of bipolar affective disorder

T2 - Comparison with a primary care sample using the Seasonal Pattern Assessment Questionnaire

AU - Shand, Allen J

AU - Scott, Neil W

AU - Anderson, Seonaid M

AU - Eagles, John M

PY - 2011/7

Y1 - 2011/7

N2 - Background In contrast with recurrent unipolar depression, relatively little is known about the seasonality of depressive episodes in bipolar affective disorder (BAD). Method We compared responses on the Seasonal Pattern Assessment Questionnaire (SPAQ) between a cohort of 183 patients with BAD and a large sample of patients in primary care (N = 4746). Comparisons were adjusted for age and gender. Results 27% of the BAD patients fulfilled SPAQ criteria for Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD. This gave an adjusted odds ratio of 3.73 (95% confidence intervals 2.64 to 5.27) in comparison with the rate among the primary care samples. Global seasonality scores were significantly higher among BAD patients (adjusted mean difference 1.73, 95% CI 0.97 to 2.49, p < 0.001). Limitations The SPAQ was originally designed as a screening instrument rather than as a case-finding instrument. Conclusions Vigilance for seasonal symptom recurrence in BAD may be important with regard to management and relapse prevention.

AB - Background In contrast with recurrent unipolar depression, relatively little is known about the seasonality of depressive episodes in bipolar affective disorder (BAD). Method We compared responses on the Seasonal Pattern Assessment Questionnaire (SPAQ) between a cohort of 183 patients with BAD and a large sample of patients in primary care (N = 4746). Comparisons were adjusted for age and gender. Results 27% of the BAD patients fulfilled SPAQ criteria for Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD. This gave an adjusted odds ratio of 3.73 (95% confidence intervals 2.64 to 5.27) in comparison with the rate among the primary care samples. Global seasonality scores were significantly higher among BAD patients (adjusted mean difference 1.73, 95% CI 0.97 to 2.49, p < 0.001). Limitations The SPAQ was originally designed as a screening instrument rather than as a case-finding instrument. Conclusions Vigilance for seasonal symptom recurrence in BAD may be important with regard to management and relapse prevention.

KW - bipolar disorder

KW - seasons

KW - seasonal affective disorder

KW - psychoeducation

U2 - 10.1016/j.jad.2011.02.015

DO - 10.1016/j.jad.2011.02.015

M3 - Article

C2 - 21377212

VL - 132

SP - 289

EP - 292

JO - Journal of Affective Disorders

JF - Journal of Affective Disorders

IS - 1-2

ER -

The seasonality of bipolar affective disorder: Comparison with a primary care sample using the Seasonal Pattern Assessment Questionnaire

Abstract

Keywords

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