The synthesis and hydration of ternesite, Ca5(SiO4)2SO4

Solon Skalamprinos; Gabriel Jen; Isabel Galan; Mark Whittaker; Ammar Elhoweris; Fredrik Glasser

doi:10.1016/j.cemconres.2018.06.012

The synthesis and hydration of ternesite, Ca₅(SiO₄)₂SO₄

Solon Skalamprinos^* (Corresponding Author), Gabriel Jen, Isabel Galan, Mark Whittaker, Ammar Elhoweris, Fredrik Glasser

^*Corresponding author for this work

University of Aberdeen

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

32 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

The hydration and strength evolution of two multi-phase ternesite-based cements with 15 and 29 wt% ternesite are reported. The synthesis and hydration properties of single phase ternesite, nominally Ca₅(SiO₄)₂SO₄, are also reported including both chemically-pure ternesite and preparations doped with sodium, potassium, phosphorous, magnesium, manganese, strontium, zinc and titanium oxides. Hydration of the samples at 25 °C was studied by calorimetry and quantitative X-ray diffraction. Unconfined compressive strength development was determined for up to 1 year. Single-phase chemically activated ternesite hydrated rapidly at 25 °C achieved compressive strengths of ≈30 and ≈65 MPa at 28 and 90 days respectively, with C-S-H and gypsum as hydration products. The multi-phase ternesite-based cements reached 7 day strengths of ≈30 MPa. It is concluded that ternesite reacts with water, exhibiting strength gain. The future of calcium sulfoaluminate and sulfosilicate cements is discussed and it is suggested that a considerable, and as yet unrealised scope exists for simultaneously optimising cementing properties while lowering production costs and reducing CO₂ emissions.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	27-40
Number of pages	14
Journal	Cement and Concrete Research
Volume	113
Early online date	20 Jul 2018
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2018.06.012
Publication status	Published - 30 Nov 2018

Bibliographical note

The authors would like to thank the financial support provided by the Gulf Organisation for Research and Development (GORD) through the research grant number ENG016RGG11757. The authors would like to thank Dr. Marianna Kourouzidou for all the meaningful discussions about the strength evolution of PC systems and Vassiliko Cement Works Plc that allowed me to use their equipment to obtain particle size distribution data. The authors would also like to thank Dr. Jo Duncan for insightful discussions regarding crystallography.

Keywords

Calcium sulfosilicate
Hydration
Synthesis
Ternesite

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Cite this

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title = "The synthesis and hydration of ternesite, Ca5(SiO4)2SO4",

abstract = "The hydration and strength evolution of two multi-phase ternesite-based cements with 15 and 29 wt% ternesite are reported. The synthesis and hydration properties of single phase ternesite, nominally Ca5(SiO4)2SO4, are also reported including both chemically-pure ternesite and preparations doped with sodium, potassium, phosphorous, magnesium, manganese, strontium, zinc and titanium oxides. Hydration of the samples at 25 °C was studied by calorimetry and quantitative X-ray diffraction. Unconfined compressive strength development was determined for up to 1 year. Single-phase chemically activated ternesite hydrated rapidly at 25 °C achieved compressive strengths of ≈30 and ≈65 MPa at 28 and 90 days respectively, with C-S-H and gypsum as hydration products. The multi-phase ternesite-based cements reached 7 day strengths of ≈30 MPa. It is concluded that ternesite reacts with water, exhibiting strength gain. The future of calcium sulfoaluminate and sulfosilicate cements is discussed and it is suggested that a considerable, and as yet unrealised scope exists for simultaneously optimising cementing properties while lowering production costs and reducing CO2 emissions.",

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AU - Elhoweris, Ammar

AU - Glasser, Fredrik

N1 - The authors would like to thank the financial support provided by the Gulf Organisation for Research and Development (GORD) through the research grant number ENG016RGG11757. The authors would like to thank Dr. Marianna Kourouzidou for all the meaningful discussions about the strength evolution of PC systems and Vassiliko Cement Works Plc that allowed me to use their equipment to obtain particle size distribution data. The authors would also like to thank Dr. Jo Duncan for insightful discussions regarding crystallography.

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N2 - The hydration and strength evolution of two multi-phase ternesite-based cements with 15 and 29 wt% ternesite are reported. The synthesis and hydration properties of single phase ternesite, nominally Ca5(SiO4)2SO4, are also reported including both chemically-pure ternesite and preparations doped with sodium, potassium, phosphorous, magnesium, manganese, strontium, zinc and titanium oxides. Hydration of the samples at 25 °C was studied by calorimetry and quantitative X-ray diffraction. Unconfined compressive strength development was determined for up to 1 year. Single-phase chemically activated ternesite hydrated rapidly at 25 °C achieved compressive strengths of ≈30 and ≈65 MPa at 28 and 90 days respectively, with C-S-H and gypsum as hydration products. The multi-phase ternesite-based cements reached 7 day strengths of ≈30 MPa. It is concluded that ternesite reacts with water, exhibiting strength gain. The future of calcium sulfoaluminate and sulfosilicate cements is discussed and it is suggested that a considerable, and as yet unrealised scope exists for simultaneously optimising cementing properties while lowering production costs and reducing CO2 emissions.

AB - The hydration and strength evolution of two multi-phase ternesite-based cements with 15 and 29 wt% ternesite are reported. The synthesis and hydration properties of single phase ternesite, nominally Ca5(SiO4)2SO4, are also reported including both chemically-pure ternesite and preparations doped with sodium, potassium, phosphorous, magnesium, manganese, strontium, zinc and titanium oxides. Hydration of the samples at 25 °C was studied by calorimetry and quantitative X-ray diffraction. Unconfined compressive strength development was determined for up to 1 year. Single-phase chemically activated ternesite hydrated rapidly at 25 °C achieved compressive strengths of ≈30 and ≈65 MPa at 28 and 90 days respectively, with C-S-H and gypsum as hydration products. The multi-phase ternesite-based cements reached 7 day strengths of ≈30 MPa. It is concluded that ternesite reacts with water, exhibiting strength gain. The future of calcium sulfoaluminate and sulfosilicate cements is discussed and it is suggested that a considerable, and as yet unrealised scope exists for simultaneously optimising cementing properties while lowering production costs and reducing CO2 emissions.

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