Time Perspective and All-Cause Mortality: Evidence from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing

Michael Daly; Peter A. Hall; Julia L. Allan

doi:10.1093/abm/kay046

Time Perspective and All-Cause Mortality: Evidence from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing

Michael Daly (Corresponding Author), Peter A. Hall, Julia L. Allan

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

3 Citations (Scopus)

7 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

Background: Long-term future thinking has been associated with a range of favorable health behaviors. However, it is currently unclear whether this translates into an effect on morbidity and mortality.

Purpose: The goal of this study was to study the relationship between time perspective and all-cause mortality and to examine the role of health behavior in explaining this association.

Methods: Participants (n = 9,949) aged 50 and over from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing, a representative cohort of older English adults, estimated the length of their personal time horizon for financial planning (time perspective). 2,092 deaths were recorded over a 9-year follow-up period (2002/2003-2012). Smoking, physical activity, and alcohol consumption were examined as factors that may underlie the time perspective–mortality link.

Results: Our prospective survival analyses showed that those who tend to plan for longer periods experienced a significantly reduced risk of all-cause mortality (HR = 0.83; 95% CI; 0.80, 0.87, p <.001 per 1-SD increase in future time perspective). This association remained after adjusting for baseline socioeconomic status and health (HR = 0.92; 95% CI; 0.88, 0.97, p <.001). The link between time perspective and mortality was observed across the gradient of financial circumstances and did not appear to be due to reverse causality. Healthy behavior among the more future orientated explained 34% of the link between time perspective and mortality.

Conclusions: Using a simply administered indicator of time perspective this study suggests that a future-orientated time perspective may be an important predictor of reduced risk of death.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	486-492
Number of pages	7
Journal	Annals of Behavioral Medicine
Volume	53
Issue number	5
Early online date	26 Jun 2018
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1093/abm/kay046
Publication status	Published - May 2019

Bibliographical note

Acknowledgments
We gratefully acknowledge funding support from the Economic and Social Research Council (ES/L010437/1, ESRC Future Leaders grant to M. Daly) and European Union’s H2020 Work Programme (2014–2020) (Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Career Development Fellowship to M. Daly funded under the Research Executive Agency grant agreement 750169). We thank the UK Data Archive for providing these data which, along with materials, have been made available to researchers at https://discover.ukdataservice.ac.uk/series/?sn=200011.

Keywords

time perspective
time preference
health
mortality
smoking
physical activity
Physical activity
Health
Mortality
Time preference
Time perspective
Smoking

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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Accepted Manuscript
This is a pre-copyedited, author-produced version of an article accepted for publication in Annals of Behavioral Medicine following peer review. The version of record Michael Daly, Peter A Hall, Julia L Allan, Time Perspective and All-Cause Mortality: Evidence From the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing, Annals of Behavioral Medicine, Volume 53, Issue 5, May 2019, Pages 486–492, is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1093/abm/kay046
Accepted author manuscript, 435 KBLicence: Unspecified

Cite this

@article{f293cf475fd84bd1a48b0deac30be059,

title = "Time Perspective and All-Cause Mortality: Evidence from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing",

abstract = "Background: Long-term future thinking has been associated with a range of favorable health behaviors. However, it is currently unclear whether this translates into an effect on morbidity and mortality.Purpose: The goal of this study was to study the relationship between time perspective and all-cause mortality and to examine the role of health behavior in explaining this association.Methods: Participants (n = 9,949) aged 50 and over from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing, a representative cohort of older English adults, estimated the length of their personal time horizon for financial planning (time perspective). 2,092 deaths were recorded over a 9-year follow-up period (2002/2003-2012). Smoking, physical activity, and alcohol consumption were examined as factors that may underlie the time perspective–mortality link.Results: Our prospective survival analyses showed that those who tend to plan for longer periods experienced a significantly reduced risk of all-cause mortality (HR = 0.83; 95% CI; 0.80, 0.87, p <.001 per 1-SD increase in future time perspective). This association remained after adjusting for baseline socioeconomic status and health (HR = 0.92; 95% CI; 0.88, 0.97, p <.001). The link between time perspective and mortality was observed across the gradient of financial circumstances and did not appear to be due to reverse causality. Healthy behavior among the more future orientated explained 34% of the link between time perspective and mortality.Conclusions: Using a simply administered indicator of time perspective this study suggests that a future-orientated time perspective may be an important predictor of reduced risk of death.",

keywords = "time perspective, time preference, health, mortality, smoking, physical activity, Physical activity, Health, Mortality, Time preference, Time perspective, Smoking",

author = "Michael Daly and Hall, {Peter A.} and Allan, {Julia L.}",

note = "Acknowledgments We gratefully acknowledge funding support from the Economic and Social Research Council (ES/L010437/1, ESRC Future Leaders grant to M. Daly) and European Union{\textquoteright}s H2020 Work Programme (2014–2020) (Marie Sk{\l}odowska-Curie Individual Career Development Fellowship to M. Daly funded under the Research Executive Agency grant agreement 750169). We thank the UK Data Archive for providing these data which, along with materials, have been made available to researchers at https://discover.ukdataservice.ac.uk/series/?sn=200011.",

year = "2019",

month = may,

doi = "10.1093/abm/kay046",

language = "English",

volume = "53",

pages = "486--492",

journal = "Annals of Behavioral Medicine",

issn = "0883-6612",

publisher = "Oxford University Press (OUP)",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Time Perspective and All-Cause Mortality

T2 - Evidence from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing

AU - Daly, Michael

AU - Hall, Peter A.

AU - Allan, Julia L.

N1 - Acknowledgments We gratefully acknowledge funding support from the Economic and Social Research Council (ES/L010437/1, ESRC Future Leaders grant to M. Daly) and European Union’s H2020 Work Programme (2014–2020) (Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Career Development Fellowship to M. Daly funded under the Research Executive Agency grant agreement 750169). We thank the UK Data Archive for providing these data which, along with materials, have been made available to researchers at https://discover.ukdataservice.ac.uk/series/?sn=200011.

PY - 2019/5

Y1 - 2019/5

N2 - Background: Long-term future thinking has been associated with a range of favorable health behaviors. However, it is currently unclear whether this translates into an effect on morbidity and mortality.Purpose: The goal of this study was to study the relationship between time perspective and all-cause mortality and to examine the role of health behavior in explaining this association.Methods: Participants (n = 9,949) aged 50 and over from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing, a representative cohort of older English adults, estimated the length of their personal time horizon for financial planning (time perspective). 2,092 deaths were recorded over a 9-year follow-up period (2002/2003-2012). Smoking, physical activity, and alcohol consumption were examined as factors that may underlie the time perspective–mortality link.Results: Our prospective survival analyses showed that those who tend to plan for longer periods experienced a significantly reduced risk of all-cause mortality (HR = 0.83; 95% CI; 0.80, 0.87, p <.001 per 1-SD increase in future time perspective). This association remained after adjusting for baseline socioeconomic status and health (HR = 0.92; 95% CI; 0.88, 0.97, p <.001). The link between time perspective and mortality was observed across the gradient of financial circumstances and did not appear to be due to reverse causality. Healthy behavior among the more future orientated explained 34% of the link between time perspective and mortality.Conclusions: Using a simply administered indicator of time perspective this study suggests that a future-orientated time perspective may be an important predictor of reduced risk of death.

AB - Background: Long-term future thinking has been associated with a range of favorable health behaviors. However, it is currently unclear whether this translates into an effect on morbidity and mortality.Purpose: The goal of this study was to study the relationship between time perspective and all-cause mortality and to examine the role of health behavior in explaining this association.Methods: Participants (n = 9,949) aged 50 and over from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing, a representative cohort of older English adults, estimated the length of their personal time horizon for financial planning (time perspective). 2,092 deaths were recorded over a 9-year follow-up period (2002/2003-2012). Smoking, physical activity, and alcohol consumption were examined as factors that may underlie the time perspective–mortality link.Results: Our prospective survival analyses showed that those who tend to plan for longer periods experienced a significantly reduced risk of all-cause mortality (HR = 0.83; 95% CI; 0.80, 0.87, p <.001 per 1-SD increase in future time perspective). This association remained after adjusting for baseline socioeconomic status and health (HR = 0.92; 95% CI; 0.88, 0.97, p <.001). The link between time perspective and mortality was observed across the gradient of financial circumstances and did not appear to be due to reverse causality. Healthy behavior among the more future orientated explained 34% of the link between time perspective and mortality.Conclusions: Using a simply administered indicator of time perspective this study suggests that a future-orientated time perspective may be an important predictor of reduced risk of death.

KW - time perspective

KW - time preference

KW - health

KW - mortality

KW - smoking

KW - physical activity

KW - Physical activity

KW - Health

KW - Mortality

KW - Time preference

KW - Time perspective

KW - Smoking

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U2 - 10.1093/abm/kay046

DO - 10.1093/abm/kay046

M3 - Article

SN - 0883-6612

VL - 53

SP - 486

EP - 492

JO - Annals of Behavioral Medicine

JF - Annals of Behavioral Medicine

IS - 5

ER -

Time Perspective and All-Cause Mortality: Evidence from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

UN SDGs

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