Using artificial intelligence methods for systematic review in health sciences: A systematic review

Aymeric Blaizot, Sajesh Veettil, Pantakarn Saidoung, Carlos Moreno-Garcia, Nirmalie Wiratunga, Magaly Aceves Martins, Nai Ming Lai* (Corresponding Author), Nathorn Chaiyakunapruk* (Corresponding Author)

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

24 Citations (Scopus)
3 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

The exponential increase in published articles makes a thorough and expedient review of literature increasingly challenging. This review delineated automated tools and platforms that employ artificial intelligence (AI) approaches and evaluated the reported benefits and challenges in using such methods. A search was conducted in 4 databases (Medline, Embase, CDSR, and Epistemonikos) up to April 2021 for systematic reviews and other related reviews implementing AI methods. To be included, the review must use any form of AI method, including machine learning, deep learning, neural network, or any other applications used to enable the full or semi-autonomous performance of one or more stages in the development of evidence synthesis. Twelve reviews were included, using nine different tools to implement 15 different AI methods. Eleven methods were used in the screening stages of the review (73%). The rest were divided: two in data extraction (13%) and two in risk of bias assessment (13%). The ambiguous benefits of the data extractions, combined with the reported advantages from 10 reviews, indicating that AI platforms have taken hold with varying success in evidence synthesis. However, the results are qualified by the reliance on the self-reporting of the review authors. Extensive human validation still appears required at this stage in implementing AI methods, though further evaluation is required to define the overall contribution of such platforms in enhancing efficiency and quality in evidence synthesis.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)353-362
Number of pages10
JournalResearch Synthesis Methods
Volume13
Issue number3
Early online date28 Feb 2022
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 9 May 2022

Bibliographical note

The authors thank Mr. Josh Higashi for aiding in the post-hoc full-text screening.

Data Availability Statement

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

Additional supporting information may be found in the online version of the article at the publisher's website.

Keywords

  • artificial intelligence
  • evidence synthesis
  • machine learning
  • systematic reviews

Fingerprint

Dive into the research topics of 'Using artificial intelligence methods for systematic review in health sciences: A systematic review'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.

Cite this