Whole-body protein turnover from leucine kinetics and the response to nutrition in human immunodeficiency virus infection

D C Macallan, M A McNurlan, Eric Milne, Alexander Graham Calder, P J Garlick, G E Griffin

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107 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Whole-body protein metabolism was investigated in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection by primed constant infusion of L-[1-13C]leucine in 8 control and 22 HIV-infected subjects (8 stage II; 14 stage IV disease), in postabsorptive and fed states. Postabsorptive leucine flux was increased 25% in subjects with stage IV HiV infection vs that in control subjects (130 +/- 13 vs 103 +/- 10 mumol leucine.kg-1.h-1, P <0.001); both leucine disposal by protein synthesis (111.6 +/- 12.1 vs 82.3 +/- 9.2, P <0.001) and release by protein degradation (129.7 +/- 13.1 vs 103.4 +/- 10.2, P <0.001) were increased. No difference in leucine balance or oxidation was found but fat oxidation was greater in subjects with HIV infection (61.1 +/- 13.0% of energy) than in control subjects (47.6 +/- 13.7% of energy, P <0.025). Stage II subjects had intermediate values of leucine flux, not significantly different from those of control subjects. Provision of parenteral nutrition for 4 h increased leucine flux with a switch in leucine balance from net loss to net gain; this response was quantitatively similar in all groups. HIV infection increases whole-body protein turnover but does not quantitatively impair the acute anabolic response to intravenous nutrition.
Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)818-826
Number of pages9
JournalThe American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Volume61
Issue number4
Publication statusPublished - 1 Apr 1995

Keywords

  • Adult
  • Carbon Isotopes
  • Energy Metabolism
  • HIV Infections
  • Humans
  • Leucine
  • Lipid Metabolism
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Nutritional Physiological Phenomena
  • Oxidation-Reduction
  • Parenteral Nutrition
  • Proteins
  • Radioimmunoassay
  • Weight Loss
  • protein
  • amino acid
  • metabolism
  • human immunodeficiency virus
  • acquired immune deficiency syndrome
  • weight loss
  • cachexia

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