[18F]Fluoride Labelling of Macromolecules in Aqueous Conditions: Silicon and boroaryl based [18F]fluorine acceptors, [18F]FDG conjugation and Al18F chelation

[18F]Fluorination is usually carried out by nucleophilic substitution reactions entailing the use of stringent conditions. A number of novel techniques including silicon and boron based fluoride acceptor molecules, [18F]FDG conjugation and chelation of the Al18F complex have been employed recently to achieve [18F]radiolabelling of macromolecules. These approaches are reviewed and their limitations outlined.