Behaviour change techniques associated with smoking cessation in intervention and comparator groups of randomized controlled trials: A systematic review and meta-regression

Nicola Black* (Corresponding Author), Marie Johnston, Susan Michie, Jamie Hartmann-Boyce, Robert West, Wolfgang Viechtbauer, Maarten C Eisma, Claire Scott, Marijn de Bruin

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

46 Citations (Scopus)
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Abstract

AIMS: To estimate the strengths of associations between use of behaviour change techniques (BCTs) and clusters of BCTs in behavioural smoking cessation interventions and comparators with smoking cessation rates.

METHOD: Systematic review and meta-regression of biochemically verified smoking cessation rates on BCTs in interventions and comparators in randomized controlled trials, adjusting for a priori-defined potential confounding variables, together with moderation analyses. Studies were drawn from the Cochrane Tobacco Addiction Group Specialised Register. Data were extracted from published and unpublished (i.e. obtained from study authors) study materials by two independent coders. Adequately described intervention (k = 143) and comparator (k = 92) groups were included in the analyses (n = 43 992 participants). Using bivariate mixed-effects meta-regressions, while controlling for key a priori confounders, we regressed smoking cessation on (a) three BCT groupings consistent with dual-process theory (i.e. associative, reflective motivational and self-regulatory), (b) 17 expert-derived BCT groupings (i.e. BCT taxonomy version 1 clusters) and (c) individual BCTs from the BCT taxonomy version 1.

RESULTS: Among person-delivered interventions, higher smoking cessation rates were predicted by BCTs targeting associative and self-regulatory processes (B = 0.034, 0.041, P < 0.05), and by three individual BCTs (prompting commitment, social reward, identity associated with changed behaviour). Among written interventions, BCTs targeting taxonomy cluster 10a (rewards) predicted higher smoking cessation (B = 0.394, P < 0.05). Moderation effects were observed for nicotine dependence, mental health status and mode of delivery.

CONCLUSIONS: Among person-delivered behavioural smoking cessation interventions, specific behaviour change techniques and clusters of techniques are associated with higher success rates.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)2008-2020
Number of pages13
JournalAddiction
Volume115
Issue number11
Early online date16 Apr 2020
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Nov 2020

Bibliographical note

Open Access via Wiley Jisc Deal

Funding Information
Cancer Research UK. Grant Number: C50862/A18446

Keywords

  • behaviour change technqiue
  • smoking cessation
  • systematic review
  • meta analysis
  • meta-regression
  • dual-process theory
  • control group
  • meta-analysis
  • Behaviour change technique
  • COUNTRIES
  • METAANALYSIS
  • DETERMINANTS
  • PREVALENCE
  • ADHERENCE
  • NICOTINE DEPENDENCE
  • PEOPLE
  • PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY
  • OUTCOMES
  • CONSUMPTION

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