Effect of Feed Length on Settleability, Substrate Uptake and Storage in a Sequencing Batch Reactor Treating an Industrial Wastewater

The paper compares the performance of two Sequencing Batch Reactors (SBRs) treating the same industrial wastewater
(composed of formic acid, ethylene glycol and methanol) operated at two different lengths of the feed. The two SBRs were
operated in parallel under the same conditions of organic load (0.85 gCOD l-1 d-1) and sludge age (about 10 d), the only
difference being the length of the feed: less than 1 min vs. 5 h. In this way the conditions of a plug flow reactor and of a
completely mixed reactor were simulated. The two systems were compared on sludge settleability (related to filaments
abundance and floc morphology), substrate uptake rates and polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) storage rates. The main
difference between the two systems was in the settling properties of the sludge: both SVI and effluent solids were higher in
the system with slow feed. With regard to filamentous microorganisms, even though both reactors were inoculated with the
same sludge with high concentration of filaments, they were rapidly washed out from both systems. Microscopic
observations showed that the reason for the different settling properties of the two sludges was in the floc structure, which
was more compact in the system operated with fast feed. These data support the theory of the role of diffusion inside the
flocs in determining the settling properties of the sludge. The maximum substrate uptake rates and PHA storage rates were
similar in the two systems, showing that also the microorganisms grown at a constant and low substrate concentration were
able to quickly increase their activity and to store PHAs when in the presence of a sudden change in substrate concentration.