Greenhouse gas emissions from four bioenergy crops in England and Wales: Integrating spatial estimates of yield and soil carbon balance in life cycle analyses

Agriculture & Biology

• soil carbon 100%
• Wales 96%
• energy crops 93%
• greenhouse gas emissions 93%
• England 83%
• land use 80%
• greenhouse gases 78%
• life cycle (organisms) 70%
• Populus trichocarpa 43%
• Miscanthus 42%
• soil 33%
• Brassica napus 31%
• winter wheat 31%
• forest land 22%
• life cycle assessment 21%
• land management 20%
• land use change 19%
• fossil fuels 19%
• energy costs 18%
• Populus 16%
• soil types 16%
• crop yield 14%
• grasslands 14%
• pastures 13%
• climate 13%
• planting 12%
• crops 8%

Earth & Environmental Sciences

• carbon balance 98%
• bioenergy 92%
• soil carbon 84%
• greenhouse gas emissions 73%
• life cycle 67%
• crop 59%
• greenhouse gas 57%
• land use 55%
• coppice 45%
• rape (plant) 44%
• wheat 30%
• soil 28%
• life cycle analysis 20%
• winter 20%
• accounting 17%
• crop yield 17%
• land management 16%
• planting 16%
• pasture 16%
• soil type 15%
• turnover 15%
• land use change 15%
• fossil fuel 15%
• grassland 13%
• mitigation 12%
• transition 10%
• land 9%
• climate 8%
• cost 8%

Engineering & Materials Science

• Land use 99%
• Crops 91%
• Gas emissions 84%
• Greenhouse gases 83%
• Life cycle 71%
• Soils 64%
• Carbon 62%
• Oilseeds 39%
• Fossil fuels 13%
• Costs 5%