TY - JOUR
T1 - Natural variation of rice strigolactone biosynthesis is associated with the deletion of two MAX1 orthologs
AU - Cardoso, Catarina
AU - Zhang, Yanxia
AU - Jamil, Muhammad
AU - Hepworth, Jo
AU - Charnikhova, Tatsiana
AU - Dimkpa, Stanley O. N.
AU - Meharg, Caroline
AU - Wright, Mark H.
AU - Liu, Junwei
AU - Meng, Xiangbing
AU - Wang, Yonghong
AU - Li, Jiayang
AU - McCouch, Susan R.
AU - Leyser, Ottoline
AU - Price, Adam H.
AU - Bouwmeester, Harro J.
AU - Ruyter-Spira, Carolien
N1 - Acknowledgments
We thank Koichi Yoneyama (Utsunomiya University, Japan), Yukihiro Sugimoto (Kobe University, Japan), and Tadao Asami (University of Tokyo, Japan) for the kind provision of ent-2′-epi-orobanchol, orobanchol, 5-deoxystrigol, 2′-epi-5-deoxystrigol, and [2H]6-2′-epi-5-deoxystrigol; and Binne Zwanenburg (University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands) for providing GR24. A.H.P. and H.J.B. thank Pieter Ouwerkerk for bringing them together. This work was supported by the Higher Education Commission Pakistan (to M.J.); Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research Vici Grant 865.06.002 (to H.J.B.) and Equipment Grant 834.08.001 (to H.J.B.); the Centre for BioSystems Genomics, part of the Netherlands Genomics Initiative/Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (to H.J.B.); National Science Foundation Plant Genome Research Grant 1026555 (to S.R.M.); US Department of Agriculture National Institute for Food and Agriculture Grant 2009-65300-05661 (to S.R.M.); United Kingdom Biotechnology and Biological Science Research Council (to J.H.); Government of the Rivers State of Nigeria Postgraduate Scholarship (to S.O.N.D.); and National Natural Science Foundation of China Grant 31161130535 (to Y.W.). Bala sequencing was supported by European Union FP6 Project 015468 (“CEDROME”) and a Monitoring Agricultural Resources grant; Azucena sequencing was supported by Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council–Department for International Development Grant BBF0041841.
PY - 2014/2/11
Y1 - 2014/2/11
N2 - Rice (Oryza sativa) cultivar Azucena-belonging to the Japonica subspecies-exudes high strigolactone (SL) levels and induces high germination of the root parasitic plant Striga hermonthica. Consistent with the fact that SLs also inhibit shoot branching, Azucena is a low-tillering variety. In contrast, Bala, an Indica cultivar, is a low-SL producer, stimulates less Striga germination, and is highly tillered. Using a Bala x Azucena F6 population, a major quantitative trait loci-qSLB1.1- for the exudation of SL, tillering, and induction of Striga germination was detected on chromosome 1. Sequence analysis of the corresponding locus revealed a rearrangement of a 51- to 59-kbp stretch between 28.9 and 29 Mbp in the Bala genome, resulting in the deletion of two cytochrome P450 genes-SLB1 and SLB2-with high homology to the Arabidopsis SL biosynthesis gene, MAX1. Both rice genes rescue the Arabidopsis max1-1 highly branched mutant phenotype and increase the production of the SL, ent-2'-epi-5-deoxystrigol, when overexpressed in Bala. Furthermore, analysis of this region in 367 cultivars of the publicly available Rice Diversity Panel population shows that the rearrangement at this locus is a recurrent natural trait associated with the Indica/Japonica divide in rice.
AB - Rice (Oryza sativa) cultivar Azucena-belonging to the Japonica subspecies-exudes high strigolactone (SL) levels and induces high germination of the root parasitic plant Striga hermonthica. Consistent with the fact that SLs also inhibit shoot branching, Azucena is a low-tillering variety. In contrast, Bala, an Indica cultivar, is a low-SL producer, stimulates less Striga germination, and is highly tillered. Using a Bala x Azucena F6 population, a major quantitative trait loci-qSLB1.1- for the exudation of SL, tillering, and induction of Striga germination was detected on chromosome 1. Sequence analysis of the corresponding locus revealed a rearrangement of a 51- to 59-kbp stretch between 28.9 and 29 Mbp in the Bala genome, resulting in the deletion of two cytochrome P450 genes-SLB1 and SLB2-with high homology to the Arabidopsis SL biosynthesis gene, MAX1. Both rice genes rescue the Arabidopsis max1-1 highly branched mutant phenotype and increase the production of the SL, ent-2'-epi-5-deoxystrigol, when overexpressed in Bala. Furthermore, analysis of this region in 367 cultivars of the publicly available Rice Diversity Panel population shows that the rearrangement at this locus is a recurrent natural trait associated with the Indica/Japonica divide in rice.
KW - QTL
KW - plant hormone
KW - CYP450
KW - Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi
KW - Quantitative Trait Loci
KW - Tiller Bud Outgrowth
KW - Striga-Hermonthica
KW - Oryza-Sativa
KW - Phosphate deficiency
KW - Root morphology
KW - Arabidopsis
KW - Architecture
KW - INHIBITION
U2 - 10.1073/pnas.1317360111
DO - 10.1073/pnas.1317360111
M3 - Article
VL - 111
SP - 2379
EP - 2384
JO - PNAS
JF - PNAS
SN - 0027-8424
IS - 6
ER -