TY - JOUR
T1 - Reduced infant lung function, active smoking, and wheeze in 18-year-old individuals
AU - Mullane, David
AU - Turner, Stephen William
AU - Cox, Des W
AU - Goldblatt, Jack
AU - Landau, Lou I
AU - le Souëf, Peter N
N1 - Funding/Support: This work was supported by the National Medical and Health Research Council of Australia.
Role of the Sponsor: The National Medical and Health Research Council of Australia was not involved in the design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, or interpretation of the data; or preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript.
PY - 2013/4
Y1 - 2013/4
N2 - IMPORTANCE This is the first study to link reduced lung function in early life, before the development of symptoms, to wheeze in 18-year-olds. Additionally, the study gives insight into factors other than reduced lung function that are also associated with persistent wheeze in young adults.OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that reduced lung function in early life is associated with increased risk for persistent wheeze at age 18 years.DESIGN: Birth cohort study.SETTING: Perth, Western Australia.PARTICIPANTS: Individuals followed up from age 1 month to 18 years.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Maximal flow at functional residual capacity (V'maxFRC) was measured in 1-month-old infants who were followed up at ages 6, 12, and 18 years. Based on reported symptoms, individuals were categorized as having remittent wheeze, later-onset wheeze, persistent wheeze, and no wheeze. Smoking status was noted at age 18 years.RESULTS: Of the 253 individuals originally recruited, 150 were followed up at age 18 years; 37 of the 150 had recent wheeze. Compared with the no-wheeze group (n = 96), persistent wheeze (n = 13) was independently associated with reduced percentage of predicted V'maxFRC (mean reduction, 43%; 95% CI, 13-74). Compared with the no-wheeze group, persistent wheeze was also associated with atopy in infancy (odds ratio = 7.1; 95% CI, 1.5-34.5), maternal asthma (odds ratio = 6.8; 95% CI, 1.4-32.3), and active smoking (odds ratio = 4.8; 95% CI, 1.0-21.3). When only wheeze at age 18 years was considered, reduced percentage of predicted V'maxFRC was associated with wheeze at age 18 years only among current smokers (P = .04).CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Wheeze persisting from ages 6 to 18 years is associated with multiple factors, including reduced infant lung function, infant-onset atopy, maternal asthma, and active smoking. Wheeze at age 18 years (regardless of previous wheeze status) is associated with active smoking, but only among those with reduced lung function in infancy. These findings give unique insight into the cause of obstructive airways disease in 18-year-olds, and follow-up of this cohort might be expected to further extend our understanding.
AB - IMPORTANCE This is the first study to link reduced lung function in early life, before the development of symptoms, to wheeze in 18-year-olds. Additionally, the study gives insight into factors other than reduced lung function that are also associated with persistent wheeze in young adults.OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that reduced lung function in early life is associated with increased risk for persistent wheeze at age 18 years.DESIGN: Birth cohort study.SETTING: Perth, Western Australia.PARTICIPANTS: Individuals followed up from age 1 month to 18 years.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Maximal flow at functional residual capacity (V'maxFRC) was measured in 1-month-old infants who were followed up at ages 6, 12, and 18 years. Based on reported symptoms, individuals were categorized as having remittent wheeze, later-onset wheeze, persistent wheeze, and no wheeze. Smoking status was noted at age 18 years.RESULTS: Of the 253 individuals originally recruited, 150 were followed up at age 18 years; 37 of the 150 had recent wheeze. Compared with the no-wheeze group (n = 96), persistent wheeze (n = 13) was independently associated with reduced percentage of predicted V'maxFRC (mean reduction, 43%; 95% CI, 13-74). Compared with the no-wheeze group, persistent wheeze was also associated with atopy in infancy (odds ratio = 7.1; 95% CI, 1.5-34.5), maternal asthma (odds ratio = 6.8; 95% CI, 1.4-32.3), and active smoking (odds ratio = 4.8; 95% CI, 1.0-21.3). When only wheeze at age 18 years was considered, reduced percentage of predicted V'maxFRC was associated with wheeze at age 18 years only among current smokers (P = .04).CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Wheeze persisting from ages 6 to 18 years is associated with multiple factors, including reduced infant lung function, infant-onset atopy, maternal asthma, and active smoking. Wheeze at age 18 years (regardless of previous wheeze status) is associated with active smoking, but only among those with reduced lung function in infancy. These findings give unique insight into the cause of obstructive airways disease in 18-year-olds, and follow-up of this cohort might be expected to further extend our understanding.
KW - Adolescent
KW - Age of Onset
KW - Child
KW - Female
KW - Follow-Up Studies
KW - Functional Residual Capacity
KW - Humans
KW - Infant
KW - Logistic Models
KW - Lung
KW - Male
KW - Respiratory Function Tests
KW - Respiratory Sounds
KW - Smoking
KW - Spirometry
U2 - 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2013.633
DO - 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2013.633
M3 - Article
C2 - 23420147
VL - 167
SP - 368
EP - 373
JO - JAMA pediatrics
JF - JAMA pediatrics
SN - 2168-6211
IS - 4
ER -